{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T18:00:55Z","timestamp":1770832855228,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,17]],"date-time":"2020-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_147026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_147026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chlamydia suis intestinal infection of single-animal experimental groups of gnotobiotic newborn piglets was previously reported to cause severe, temporary small intestinal epithelium damage. We investigated archived intestinal samples for pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB) activation, Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production and immune cell influx. Samples were collected 2, 4 and 7 days post-inoculation with C. suis strain S45\/6 or mock inoculum (control). Increased nuclear localization of epithelial NF-\u03baB, representative of activation, in the jejunum and ileum of C. suis-infected animals, compared to uninfected controls, began by 2 days post-infection (dpi) and persisted through 7 dpi. Infected animals showed increased production of IL-8, peaking at 2 dpi, compared to controls. Infection-mediated CD45-positive immune cell influx into the jejunal lamina propria peaked at 7 dpi, when epithelial damage was largely resolved. Activation of NF-\u03baB appears to be a key early event in the innate response of the unprimed porcine immune system challenged with C. suis. This results in an acute phase, coinciding with the most severe clinical symptoms, diarrhea and weight loss. Immune cells recruited shortly after infection remain present in the lamina propria during the recovery phase, which is characterized by reduced chlamydial shedding and restored intestinal epithelium integrity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftaa040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]],"date-time":"2020-07-31T11:19:02Z","timestamp":1596194342000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Chlamydia suis<\/i>is associated with intestinal NF-\u03baB activation in experimentally infected gnotobiotic piglets"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Aumayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 268, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cory Ann","family":"Leonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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