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When confronted with foreign material or invading pathogens, these cells mount a robust response. Nevertheless, many bacterial pathogens with an intracellular lifecycle stage exploit this environment for replication and survival. These include, but are not limited to, Coxiella burnetii, Legionella pneumophila, Yersinia pestis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Staphylococcus aureus. Currently, few human disease-relevant model systems exist for studying host\u2013pathogen interactions during these bacterial infections in the lung. Here, we present two novel infection platforms, human alveolar macrophages (hAMs) and human precision-cut lung slices (hPCLS), along with an up-to-date synopsis of research using said models. Additionally, alternative uses for these systems in the absence of pathogen involvement are presented, such as tissue banking and further characterization of the human lung environment. Overall, hAMs and hPCLS allow novel human disease-relevant investigations that other models, such as cell lines and animal models, cannot completely provide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftab016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T20:18:23Z","timestamp":1615925903000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Take my breath away: studying pathogen invasion of the human lung using primary tissue models"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Amanda","family":"L.\u00a0Dragan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7631-7827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"E.\u00a0Voth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070821154087300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(96)76454-8","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus invasion of bovine mammary epithelial cells","volume":"79","author":"Almeida","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"2021070821154087300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0290MA","article-title":"Cryopreserved human precision-cut lung slices as a bioassay for live tissue banking. 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