{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:20:03Z","timestamp":1787008803641,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]],"date-time":"2019-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"EMIDA ERA-NET","award":["FP7-KBBE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7-KBBE"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) clones other than Clonal Complex (CC)398, as CC1, have been isolated in pigs in some countries, and appeared to be prevalent in Italy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of Sequence Type (ST)1, CC1, LA-MRSA clone to colonize and to be transmitted among piglets. Eighteen caesarean-derived\/colostrum-deprived piglets of 35 days of age were assigned randomly to three groups: four seeder piglets were contaminated with a spa type t127, ST1, SCCmec V, MRSA (Group A), 10 MRSA-negative piglets were exposed to Group A after 2 days post-contamination, dpc (Group B) and 4 piglets were used as control group (Group C). Piglets were evaluated until 44 dpc (Group A) or at 42 days post-exposure, dpe (Group B) and then euthanized and necropsied. All nasal and skin cultures of Group A resulted MRSA-positive throughout the experiment starting from two dpc, while Group C tested always MRSA-negative. At first sampling, all Group B piglets became positive and remained positive throughout the experiment. This is the first colonization\/transmission study with a CC1 LA-MRSA in pigs. The results add further knowledge on the ability of CC1 LA-MRSA to colonize pigs, and on colonization\/transmission patterns, both suggesting good host adaptation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftz033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T19:02:37Z","timestamp":1561662157000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    (LA-MRSA)\n                    <i>spa<\/i>\n                    type t127, Sequence Type (ST)1, quickly spreads and persists among young pigs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Merialdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna \u201cBruno Ubertini\u201d, Bologna Unit, Via Pietro Fiorini, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola","family":"Feltrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \"M. Aleandri\", Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova, 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Gaetarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna \u201cBruno Ubertini\u201d, Sede Centrale di Brescia, Department of Laboratory Animals, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guerino","family":"Lombardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna \u201cBruno Ubertini\u201d, Sede Centrale di Brescia, Department of Laboratory Animals, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Iurescia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \"M. Aleandri\", Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova, 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Alba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \"M. Aleandri\", Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova, 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Luppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna \u201cBruno Ubertini\u201d, Parma Unit, Strada dei Mercati, 13A, 43126, Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna \u201cBruno Ubertini\u201d, Sede Centrale di Brescia, Department of Laboratory Animals, Via Bianchi, 9, 25124, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Ramini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna \u201cBruno Ubertini\u201d, Bologna Unit, Via Pietro Fiorini, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Carfora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \"M. Aleandri\", Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova, 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \"M. Aleandri\", Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova, 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1308-199X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Battisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \"M. Aleandri\", Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Via Appia Nuova, 1411, 00178, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0137143","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137143","article-title":"Livestock-associated methicillin resistant and methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type (CC)1 in European farmed animals: high genetic relatedness of isolates from Italian cattle herds and humans","volume":"10","author":"Alba","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2302","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-67.10.2302","article-title":"Development of a PCR test to differentiate between Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus intermedius","volume":"67","author":"Baron","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.10.008","article-title":"Heterogeneity among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Italian pig finishing holdings","volume":"19","author":"Battisti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.09.010","article-title":"Quantification of transmission of livestock-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pigs","volume":"155","author":"Broens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.07356-11","article-title":"Colonization and transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in nursery piglets","volume":"78","author":"Cromb\u00e8","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics4040521","article-title":"Livestock-Associated MRSA: the impact on humans","volume":"4","author":"Cuny","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib7","first-page":"1376","article-title":"Analysis of the baseline survey on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in holdings with breeding pigs, in the EU, 2008, Part A: MRSA prevalence estimates; on request from the European Commission","volume":"7","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02854-15","article-title":"A livestock-associated, multidrug-resistant, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 97 lineage spreading in dairy cattle and pigs in Italy","volume":"82","author":"Feltrin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr115","article-title":"Molecular characterization of spa type t127, sequence type 1 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from pigs","volume":"66","author":"Franco","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000215","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000215","article-title":"Geo-graphic distribution of Staphylococcus aureus causing invasive infections in Europe: a molecular-epi-demiological analysis","volume":"7","author":"Grundmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5442","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5442-5448.2003","article-title":"Typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital setting by using novel software for spa repeat determination and database management","volume":"41","author":"Harmsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2012.03239.x","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 contamination and transmission in pigs after a low dose inoculation","volume":"54","author":"Jouy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lett Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.2.231-238.2000","article-title":"Correlation between the resistance genotype determined by multiplex PCR assays and the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis","volume":"44","author":"Martineau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-63.4.479","article-title":"The detection of enterotoxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"63","author":"McLauchlin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Food Prot"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.05.025","article-title":"Effects of tetracycline and zinc on selection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type 398 in pigs","volume":"152","author":"Moodley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01970-10","article-title":"Rapid PCR detection of Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 by targeting the restriction-modification system carrying sau1-hsdS1","volume":"49","author":"Stegger","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4089","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4089-4094.2003","article-title":"Multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of nine clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"41","author":"Strommenger","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.188.4.1310-1315.2006","article-title":"The innate immune modulators staphylococcal complement inhibitor and chemotaxis inhibitory protein of Staphylococcus aureus are located on beta-hemolysin-converting bacteriophages","volume":"188","author":"Van\u00a0Wamel","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2014.09.019","article-title":"Experimental nasal colonization of piglets with methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"174","author":"Verstappen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"2021052203592809400_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050428","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pig farming","volume":"11","author":"Voss","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Pathogens and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/femspd\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/femspd\/ftz033\/28877304\/ftz033.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/femspd\/article-pdf\/77\/3\/ftz033\/38097425\/ftz033.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/femspd\/article-pdf\/77\/3\/ftz033\/38097425\/ftz033.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,22]],"date-time":"2021-05-22T00:00:41Z","timestamp":1621641641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/femspd\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/femspd\/ftz033\/5524362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femspd\/ftz033","relation":{},"ISSN":["2049-632X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2049-632X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"article-number":"ftz033"}}