{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:10:29Z","timestamp":1793419829302,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":203,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["309540-EVODRTB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["309540-EVODRTB"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030_166687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030_166687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]],"date-time":"2017-03-16T04:10:40Z","timestamp":1489637440000},"page":"354-373","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":429,"title":["Antimicrobial resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mechanistic and evolutionary perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Sebastian M.","family":"Gygli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, 4002 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Borrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, 4002 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Trauner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, 4002 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Gagneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, 4002 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(97)00012-6","article-title":"Synergistic antimycobacterial activity between ethambutol and the beta-lactam drug cefepime","volume":"28","author":"Abate","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diagn Micr Infec Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)72122-2","article-title":"Further observations on penicillin","volume":"238","author":"Abraham","year":"1941","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.62.081307.162832","article-title":"Evolution, population structure, and phylogeography of genetically monomorphic bacterial pathogens","volume":"62","author":"Achtman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.022","article-title":"Drug tolerance in replicating mycobacteria mediated by a macrophage-induced efflux mechanism","volume":"145","author":"Adams","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.5.1295","article-title":"Mechanism of resistance to amikacin and kanamycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"42","author":"Alangaden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2319","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance and its cost: is it possible to reverse resistance?","volume":"8","author":"Andersson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3270","article-title":"Microbiological effects of sublethal levels of antibiotics","volume":"12","author":"Andersson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.09.006","article-title":"Consensus numbering system for the rifampicin resistance-associated rpoB gene mutations in pathogenic mycobacteria","volume":"23","author":"Andre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib9","article-title":"Efflux pump mediated second-line tuberculosis drug resistance","volume":"6","author":"Anthony Malinga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mycobacterial Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8284673","article-title":"inhA, a gene encoding a target for isoniazid and ethionamide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"263","author":"Banerjee","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science (80- )"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib11","first-page":"568","article-title":"Tubercle bacilli resistant to isoniazid: virulence and response to treatment with isoniazid in guinea-pigs and mice","volume":"34","author":"Barnett","year":"1953","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06227-11","article-title":"rplC T460C Identified as a dominant mutation in linezolid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains","volume":"56","author":"Beckert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29108","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029108","article-title":"Pre-existing isoniazid resistance, but not the genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drives rifampicin resistance codon preference in vitro","volume":"7","author":"Bergval","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp237","article-title":"Resistant mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis selected in vitro do not reflect the in vivo mechanism of isoniazid resistance","volume":"64","author":"Bergval","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3465","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw344","article-title":"In vivo Mycobacterium tuberculosis fluoroquinolone resistance emergence: a complex phenomenon poorly detected by current diagnostic tests","volume":"71","author":"Bernard","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.8.1866","article-title":"Physiological cost of rifampin resistance induced in vitro in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"43","author":"Billington","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1479","article-title":"Effects of environment on compensatory mutations to ameliorate costs of antibiotic resistance","volume":"287","author":"Bj\u00f6rkman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1505196","article-title":"Acquired resistance to bedaquiline and delamanid in therapy for tuberculosis","volume":"373","author":"Bloemberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1102","article-title":"Modeling the emergence of the \u201chot zones\u201d: tuberculosis and the amplification dynamics of drug resistance","volume":"10","author":"Blower","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evv135","article-title":"Gene loss dominates as a source of genetic variation within clonal pathogenic bacterial species","volume":"7","author":"Bolotin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Biol Evol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03556.x","article-title":"Strain diversity, epistasis and the evolution of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"17","author":"Borrell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eot003","article-title":"Epistasis between antibiotic resistance mutations drives the evolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"2013","author":"Borrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Evol Med Public Heal"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.3.391","article-title":"Intrinsic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to clarithromycin is effectively reversed by subinhibitory concentrations of cell wall inhibitors","volume":"46","author":"Bosne-David","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0606-9","article-title":"Tuberculosis: drug resistance, fitness, and strategies for global control","volume":"167","author":"B\u00f6ttger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1038\/3906","article-title":"Fitness of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and compensatory mutations","volume":"4","author":"B\u00f6ttger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.64.070195.000333","article-title":"The envelope of mycobacteria","volume":"64","author":"Brennan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)91426-9","article-title":"Short-course chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"305","author":"British Thoracic and Tuberculosis Association","year":"1975","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.1.143-150.2004","article-title":"Molecular basis of intrinsic macrolide resistance in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex","volume":"48","author":"Buri\u00e1nkov\u00e1","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1602.090968","article-title":"Emergence of increased resistance and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis despite treatment adherence, South Africa","volume":"16","author":"Calver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib30","first-page":"869","article-title":"Likelihood of generating MDR-TB and XDR-TB under adequate National Tuberculosis Control Programme implementation","volume":"12","author":"Caminero","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung D"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00286-0","article-title":"Structural mechanism for rifampicin inhibition of bacterial rna polymerase","volume":"104","author":"Campbell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.128678.111","article-title":"Microevolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Russia","volume":"22","author":"Casali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2878","article-title":"Evolution and transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a Russian population","volume":"46","author":"Casali","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.12.2620","article-title":"Can penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics be used to treat tuberculosis?","volume":"39","author":"Chambers","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001880","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001880","article-title":"Evolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis over four decades: whole genome sequencing and dating analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from KwaZulu-Natal","volume":"12","author":"Cohen","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.05.041","article-title":"Paradoxical hypersusceptibility of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis to \u03b2-lactam antibiotics","volume":"9","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1110","article-title":"Modeling epidemics of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis of heterogeneous fitness","volume":"10","author":"Cohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/31159","article-title":"Deciphering the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence","volume":"393","author":"Cole","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265ra167","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009500","article-title":"PET\/CT imaging reveals a therapeutic response to oxazolidinones in macaques and humans with tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"Coleman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.1038","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains identifies compensatory mutations in RNA polymerase genes","volume":"44","author":"Comas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddmec.2010.09.004","article-title":"Does M. tuberculosis genomic diversity explain disease diversity","volume":"7","author":"Coscolla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today Dis Mech"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.09.012","article-title":"Consequences of genomic diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"26","author":"Coscolla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4588.1009","article-title":"Streptomycin resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"2","author":"Crofton","year":"1948","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2011.00831.x","article-title":"Efflux as a mechanism for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"63","author":"da Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Mic"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib45","first-page":"1","article-title":"First description of natural and experimental conjugation between mycobacteria mediated by a linear plasmid","volume":"7","author":"da Silva Rabello","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2328","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04222-14","article-title":"The Mycobacterium tuberculosis outer membrane channel protein CpnT confers susceptibility to toxic molecules","volume":"59","author":"Danilchanka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6750","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400136111","article-title":"An outer membrane channel protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with exotoxin activity","volume":"111","author":"Danilchanka","year":"2014","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3200","article-title":"The path of anti-tuberculosis drugs: from blood to lesions to mycobacterial cells","volume":"12","author":"Dartois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00124312","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of meropenem-clavulanate added to linezolid-containing regimens in the treatment of MDR-\/XDR-TB","volume":"41","author":"De Lorenzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1804.110912","article-title":"Drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype and association with MDR TB","volume":"18","author":"de Steenwinkel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01541-12","article-title":"Putative compensatory mutations in the rpoC gene of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis are associated with ongoing transmission","volume":"57","author":"de Vos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3548","article-title":"Genomic and functional analyses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains implicate ald in D-cycloserine resistance","volume":"48","author":"Desjardins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00151-8","article-title":"Tuberculosis","volume":"387","author":"Dheda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2042","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063814","article-title":"Erasing the World's Slow Stain: Strategies to beat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"295","author":"Dye","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science (80-)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1328","article-title":"Will tuberculosis become resistant to all antibiotics?","volume":"268","author":"Dye","year":"2001","journal-title":"P Roy Soc B-Biol Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7119","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8119","article-title":"Four decades of transmission of a multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreak strain","volume":"6","author":"Eldholm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0490-3","article-title":"Evolution of extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a susceptible ancestor in a single patient","volume":"15","author":"Eldholm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74788-7","article-title":"Can DOTS control multidrug-resistant tuberculosis?","volume":"365","author":"Espinal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2747","article-title":"Genomic analysis identifies targets of convergent positive selection in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"Farhat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90537-1","article-title":"Results of directly observed short-course chemotherapy in 112 842 Chinese patients with smear-positive tuberculosis","volume":"347","author":"Feng-Zeng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3047","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.06460-11","article-title":"Effect of mutation and genetic Background on drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"56","author":"Fenner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.811","article-title":"Use of whole genome sequencing to estimate the mutation rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during latent infection","volume":"43","author":"Ford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2656","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutation rate estimates from different lineages predict substantial differences in the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00070812","article-title":"Contact investigation for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Fox","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420-9101.2010.01930.x","article-title":"The trade-off between rate and yield in the design of microbial metabolism","volume":"23","author":"Frank","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Evol Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.057257.116","article-title":"Nonmutational compensation of the fitness cost of antibiotic resistance in mycobacteria by overexpression of tlyA rRNA methylase","volume":"22","author":"Freihofer","year":"2016","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199507273330406","article-title":"Tuberculosis in New York City\u2014turning the tide","volume":"333","author":"Frieden","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e61","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020061","article-title":"Impact of bacterial genetics on the transmission of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"2","author":"Gagneux","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511240103","article-title":"Variable host-pathogen compatibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"103","author":"Gagneux","year":"2006","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1124410","article-title":"The competitive cost of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"312","author":"Gagneux","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70108-1","article-title":"Global phylogeography of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and implications for tuberculosis product development","volume":"7","author":"Gagneux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69573-1","article-title":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis as a cause of death in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in a rural area of South Africa","volume":"368","author":"Gandhi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dki191","article-title":"Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on Mycobacterium fortuitum mutation rates","volume":"56","author":"Gillespie","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib74","volume-title":"An Introduction to Genetic Analysis","author":"Griffiths","year":"2005","edition":"8th edn"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002158","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002158","article-title":"Selection of resistant Bbcteria at very low antibiotic concentrations","volume":"7","author":"Gullberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01474-09","article-title":"New Susceptibility breakpoints for first-line antituberculosis drugs based on antimicrobial pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic science and population pharmacokinetic variability","volume":"54","author":"Gumbo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0054","article-title":"Microarray analysis of efflux pump genes in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis during stress induced by common anti-tuberculous drugs","volume":"16","author":"Gupta","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12187","article-title":"Costs of antibiotic resistance - separating trait effects and selective effects","volume":"8","author":"Hall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Evol Appl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00037-14","article-title":"Cross-resistance between clofazimine and bedaquiline through upregulation of MmpL5 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"58","author":"Hartkoorn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0566-x","article-title":"Interpreting whole genome sequencing for investigating tuberculosis transmission: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Hatherell","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5316","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00308-15","article-title":"Mutations in genes for the F420 biosynthetic pathway and a nitroreductase enzyme are the primary resistance determinants in spontaneous in vitro-selected PA-824-resistant mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"59","author":"Haver","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00112-06","article-title":"Population genetics study of isoniazid resistance mutations and evolution of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"50","author":"Hazb\u00f3n","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000288","article-title":"Elucidating population-wide mycobacterial replication dynamics at the single-cell level","volume":"162","author":"Helaine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e311","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060311","article-title":"High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.","volume":"6","author":"Hershberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02238.x","article-title":"Missense mutations in the catalase-peroxidase gene","volume":"15","author":"Heym","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.65.4.1395-1401.1997","article-title":"Effects of overexpression of the alkyl hydroperoxide reductase AhpC on the virulence and isoniazid resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"65","author":"Heym","year":"1997","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01189-07","article-title":"In Vitro-Selected linezolid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants","volume":"52","author":"Hillemann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks497","article-title":"Unexpected N-acetylation of capreomycin by mycobacterial Eis enzymes","volume":"68","author":"Houghton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics2020206","article-title":"Rifampicin Resistance: Fitness costs and the significance of compensatory evolution","volume":"2","author":"Hughes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11998","DOI":"10.1021\/bi701506h","article-title":"Irreversible inhibition of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis beta-lactamase by clavulanate","volume":"46","author":"Hugonnet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1167498","article-title":"Meropenem-clavulanate is effective against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"323","author":"Hugonnet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science (80-)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01611-09","article-title":"Rates and mechanisms of resistance development in Mycobacterium tuberculosis to a novel diarylquinoline ATP synthase inhibitor","volume":"54","author":"Huitric","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-3879(41)80017-8","article-title":"Infective dose in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"22","author":"Jacobs","year":"1941","journal-title":"Tubercle"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1039\/C6MB00457A","article-title":"Modeling the permeability of drug-like molecules through the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an analogue based approach","volume":"12","author":"Janardhan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol BioSyst"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07194.x","article-title":"Mycobacterial cell wall: structure and role in natural resistance to antibiotics","volume":"123","author":"Jarlier","year":"1994","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Lett"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2015.09.001","article-title":"Correlating rrs and eis promoter mutations in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with phenotypic susceptibility levels to the second-line injectables","volume":"5","author":"Kambli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7099","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.12.7099-7108.2003","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth at the cavity surface: a microenvironment with failed immunity","volume":"71","author":"Kaplan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70033-5","article-title":"Progress in tuberculosis vaccine development and host-directed therapies\u2014a state of the art review","volume":"2","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ579","article-title":"The distribution of fitness costs of resistance-conferring mutations is a key determinant for the future burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis: A Model-Based Analysis","volume":"61","author":"Knight","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2014.17","article-title":"The impact of drug resistance on Mycobacterium tuberculosis physiology: what can we learn from rifampicin","volume":"3","author":"Koch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib101","first-page":"461","article-title":"Pyrazinamide susceptibility and amidase activity of tubercle bacilli","volume":"95","author":"Konno","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.2533-2540.2005","article-title":"Designer arrays for defined mutant analysis to detect genes essential for survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mouselLungs","volume":"73","author":"Lamichhane","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3277","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01122-13","article-title":"Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in panama is driven by clonal expansion of a multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain related to the KZN extensively drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strain from South Africa","volume":"51","author":"Lanzas","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(46)91185-3","article-title":"Para-aminosalicylic acid in the treatment of tuberculosis","volume":"247","author":"Lehmann","year":"1946","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12252","article-title":"Heterogeneity in tuberculosis pathology, microenvironments and therapeutic responses","volume":"264","author":"Lenaerts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0119013","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119013","article-title":"Efflux pump gene expression in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4205","article-title":"Genomic diversity in autopsy samples reveals within-host dissemination of HIV-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"22","author":"Lieberman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3412","article-title":"Sterilization of granulomas is common in active and latent tuberculosis despite within-host variability in bacterial killing","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00592-09","article-title":"Quantitative comparison of active and latent tuberculosis in the cynomolgus macaque model","volume":"77","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4011","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.4011","article-title":"A mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis defective in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids accumulates meromycolates","volume":"96","author":"Liu","year":"1999","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01577-08","article-title":"A balancing act: efflux\/influx in mycobacterial drug resistance","volume":"53","author":"Louw","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201011-1924OC","article-title":"Rifampicin reduces susceptibility to ofloxacin in rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis through efflux","volume":"184","author":"Louw","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Resp Crit Care"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14711","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0902437106","article-title":"The epidemiological fitness cost of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"106","author":"Luciani","year":"2009","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2014.04.005","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing to detect recent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in settings with a high burden of tuberculosis","volume":"94","author":"Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/28.6.491","article-title":"Mutations of bacteria from virus sensitivity to virus resistance","volume":"28","author":"Luria","year":"1943","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34538","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034538","article-title":"Contribution of efflux to the emergence of isoniazid and multidrug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"7","author":"Machado","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt364","article-title":"Mutation rate and the emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"69","author":"McGrath","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38942","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M505727200","article-title":"Methyltransferase Erm(37) slips on rRNA to confer atypical resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"280","author":"Madsen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510010071032","article-title":"Pitfalls in the care of patients with tuberculosis. Common errors and their association with the acquisition of drug resistance","volume":"270","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26902-0","article-title":"The MspA porin promotes growth and increases antibiotic susceptibility of both Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"150","author":"Mailaender","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39754","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039754","article-title":"New insights into fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: functional genetic analysis of gyrA and gyrB Mutations","volume":"7","author":"Malik","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.1.74-79.1999","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis catalase and peroxidase activities and resistance to oxidative killing in human monocytes in vitro","volume":"67","author":"Manca","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508392103","article-title":"Identification of a nitroimidazo-oxazine-specific protein involved in PA-824 resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"103","author":"Manjunatha","year":"2006","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.4.1289-1294.2004","article-title":"Effect of rpoB mutations conferring rifampin resistance on fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"48","author":"Mariam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr566","article-title":"A systematic review of gyrase mutations associated with fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a proposed gyrase numbering system","volume":"67","author":"Maruri","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.8.3192-3197.2005","article-title":"Molecular analysis of cross-resistance to capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, and viomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"49","author":"Maus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.2.571-577.2005","article-title":"Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"49","author":"Maus","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4688.1073","article-title":"Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with streptomycin and para-amino-salicylic acid: a Medical Research Council Investigation","volume":"2","author":"Medical Research Council","year":"1950","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv345","article-title":"Evidence for the critical role of a secondary site rpoB mutation in the compensatory evolution and successful transmission of an MDR tuberculosis outbreak strain","volume":"71","author":"Meftahi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.2.228","article-title":"Genetic alterations in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mapping of mutations conferring resistance","volume":"38","author":"Meier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12196","article-title":"The fitness costs of antibiotic resistance mutations","volume":"8","author":"Melnyk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Evol Appl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3195","article-title":"Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage","volume":"47","author":"Merker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib133","first-page":"e82551","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing reveals complex evolution patterns of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strains in patients","volume-title":"PLoS One","author":"Merker","year":"2013"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16020","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016020","article-title":"Phylogeny of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing strains constructed from polymorphisms in genes involved in DNA replication, recombination and repair","volume":"6","author":"Mestre","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1126\/science.118.3063.297","article-title":"Some observations on the pathogenicity of isoniazid-resistant variants of tubercle bacilli","volume":"118","author":"Middlebrook","year":"1953","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2008.08.003","article-title":"Azole resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by the MmpS5\u2013MmpL5 efflux system","volume":"89","author":"Milano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5097","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00647-15","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis folate metabolism and the mechanistic basis for para-aminosalicylic acid susceptibility and resistance","volume":"59","author":"Minato","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41318","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041318","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis population in Northwestern Russia: an update from Russian-EU\/Latvian border region","volume":"7","author":"Mokrousov","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.08168.x","article-title":"Capreomycin susceptibility is increased by TlyA-directed 2\u0384- O -methylation on both ribosomal subunits","volume":"85","author":"Monshupanee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2874","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424184112","article-title":"Imperfect drug penetration leads to spatial monotherapy and rapid evolution of multidrug resistance","volume":"112","author":"Moreno-Gamez","year":"2015","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3799","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.12.3799-3805.2003","article-title":"ethA, inhA, and katG loci of ethionamide-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates","volume":"47","author":"Morlock","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70919","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070919","article-title":"Programmatically selected multidrug-resistant strains drive the emergence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa","volume":"8","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.4.496","article-title":"Antimicrobial agent resistance in mycobacteria: molecular genetic insights","volume":"8","author":"Musser","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"O361","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12415","article-title":"Increased in vitro fitness of multi- and extensively drug-resistant F15\/LAM4\/KZN strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"20","author":"Naidoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00924.x","article-title":"The rpsL gene and streptomycin resistance in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"10","author":"Nair","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-016-0032-8","article-title":"Multidrug resistance in mycobacteria","volume":"3","author":"Nash","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Clin Microbiol Rep"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1727-6","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance mechanisms in M. tuberculosis: an update","volume":"90","author":"Nguyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-061008-103123","article-title":"Mycobacterial subversion of chemotherapeutic reagents and host defense tactics: challenges in tuberculosis drug development","volume":"49","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3544","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00715-10","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage favors the spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the Republic of Georgia","volume":"48","author":"Niemann","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.7.1393","article-title":"Penetration of lipophilic agents with multiple protonation sites into bacterial cells: tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones as examples","volume":"37","author":"Nikaido","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2009.04.002","article-title":"Characteristics of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Abkhazia (Georgia), a high-prevalence area in Eastern Europe","volume":"89","author":"Pardini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00693-15","article-title":"Serum levels of antituberculosis drugs and their effect on tuberculosis treatment outcome","volume":"60","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib153","first-page":"145","article-title":"Comparative genomics of microbial drug efflux systems","volume":"3","author":"Paulsen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Mol Microb Biotech"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.11.0414","article-title":"Clinical use of the meropenem-clavulanate combination for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"16","author":"Payen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung D"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1086\/421501","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients with chronic multidrug\u2010resistant tuberculosis","volume":"190","author":"Post","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3937","article-title":"The association between sterilizing activity and drug distribution into tuberculosis lesions","volume":"21","author":"Prideaux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv316","article-title":"Efflux pump inhibitors: targeting mycobacterial efflux systems to enhance TB therapy","volume":"71","author":"Pule","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemoth"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4955","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.9.4955-4960.2002","article-title":"Effect of katG mutations on the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the implication for transmission in humans","volume":"70","author":"Pym","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01562","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01562-14","article-title":"Linking system-wide impacts of RNA polymerase mutations to the fitness cost of rifampin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"5","author":"Qi","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)00286-X","article-title":"Contribution of \u03b2-lactamase production to the resistance of mycobacteria to \u03b2-lactam antibiotics","volume":"406","author":"Quinting","year":"1997","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.11.2061","article-title":"Action of 1-isonicotinyl-2-palmitoyl hydrazine against the Mycobacterium avium complex and enhancement of its activity by m-fluorophenylalanine","volume":"34","author":"Rastogi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00250","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00250-13","article-title":"Clade-specific virulence patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains in human primary macrophages and aerogenically infected mice","volume":"4","author":"Reiling","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3269","article-title":"DNA replication fidelity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by an ancestral prokaryotic proofreader","volume":"47","author":"Rock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.6b12541","article-title":"Visualization of mycobacterial membrane dynamics in live cells","volume":"139","author":"Rodriguez-Rivera","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv347","article-title":"Fitness costs of drug resistance mutations in multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a household-based case-control study","volume":"213","author":"Salvatore","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.5.1204-1211.2002","article-title":"Fitness cost of chromosomal drug resistance-conferring mutations","volume":"46","author":"Sander","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000002","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000002","article-title":"Tuberculosis drug resistance mutation database","volume":"6","author":"Sandgren","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.3390\/ph5111210","article-title":"The role of transport mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance and tolerance","volume":"5","author":"Sarathy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-55-14461","article-title":"Streptomycin, a substance exhibiting antibiotic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"55","author":"Schatz","year":"1944","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4806","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05546-11","article-title":"The antibiotic resistance arrow of time: efflux pump induction is a general first step in the evolution of mycobacterial drug resistance","volume":"56","author":"Schmalstieg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0696-662","article-title":"Mutations in pncA, a gene encoding pyrazinamidase\/nicotinamidase, cause resistance to the antituberculous drug pyrazinamide in tubercle bacillus","volume":"2","author":"Scorpio","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S402","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/5.Supplement_3.S402","article-title":"History of the development of rifampin","volume":"5","author":"Sensi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5268.1641","article-title":"Compensatory ahpC gene expression in isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"272","author":"Sherman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science (80- )"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-3879(87)80014-4","article-title":"Drug resistance in tuberculosis control","volume":"68","author":"Shimao","year":"1987","journal-title":"Tubercle"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib175","first-page":"53","article-title":"Molecular biology of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"374","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.12520","article-title":"Fitness costs of rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are amplified under conditions of nutrient starvation and compensated by mutation in the \u03b2\u0384 subunit of RNA polymerase","volume":"91","author":"Song","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2012.11.004","article-title":"Biological cost in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mutations in the rpsL, rrs, rpoB, and katG genes","volume":"93","author":"Spies","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.8.1677","article-title":"Ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: critical role of embB mutations","volume":"41","author":"Sreevatsan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib179","first-page":"89","article-title":"Role of pharmacogenomics in the treatment of tuberculosis: a review","volume":"5","author":"Swaminathan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmgenomics Pers Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.773","article-title":"Cloning and nucleotide sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrA and gyrB genes and detection of quinolone resistance mutations","volume":"38","author":"Takiff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90417-F","article-title":"Detection of rifampicin-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"341","author":"Telenti","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01495.x","article-title":"Public health impact of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with a mutation at amino-acid position 315 of katG: a decade of experience in The Netherlands","volume":"12","author":"van Doorn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1086\/317598","article-title":"Mutations at amino acid position 315 of the katG gene are associated with high-level resistance to isoniazid, other drug resistance, and successful transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Netherlands","volume":"182","author":"van Soolingen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12223","article-title":"Early clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a new frontier in prevention","volume":"141","author":"Verrall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"MGM2-0014-2013","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.MGM2-0014-2013","article-title":"Resistance to isoniazid and ethionamide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: genes, mutations, and causalities","volume":"2","author":"Vilch\u00e8ze","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70277-3","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing to delineate Mycobacterium tuberculosis outbreaks: a retrospective observational study","volume":"13","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00320-06","article-title":"Crystal structure and activity studies of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis -lactamase reveal its critical role in resistance to -lactam antibiotics","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib188","first-page":"139","article-title":"Intradermal rabies vaccination: the evolution and future of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis","volume":"351","author":"Warrell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4523","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1606590113","article-title":"N-methylation of a bactericidal compound as a resistance mechanism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"113","author":"Warrier","year":"2016","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.5b00025","article-title":"Identification of novel anti-mycobacterial compounds by screening a pharmaceutical small-molecule library against nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"1","author":"Warrier","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1159\/000325297","article-title":"Importance of phagosomal functionality for growth restriction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in primary human macrophages","volume":"3","author":"Welin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Innate Immun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.4.1520-1524.2003","article-title":"Drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype does not develop mutation-conferred resistance to rifampin at an elevated rate","volume":"41","author":"Werngren","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib193","volume-title":"Guidelines for TB Treatment in Adults and Children in National TB Programmes","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1991"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib194","volume-title":"TB: WHO Report on the Tuberculosis Epidemic 1997","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1997"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib195","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2016","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/174.5.1127","article-title":"Fluoroquinolone resistance associated with specific gyrase mutations in clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"174","author":"Xu","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib197","first-page":"1","article-title":"Transmission of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Shanghai, China: a retrospective observational study using whole-genome sequencing and epidemiological investigation","volume":"3099","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(95)90588-X","article-title":"Do \u03b2-lactam-\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor combinations have a place in the treatment of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis?","volume":"76","author":"Yew","year":"1995","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20004","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0907925106","article-title":"Overexpression of the chromosomally encoded aminoglycoside acetyltransferase eis confers kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"106","author":"Zaunbrecher","year":"2009","journal-title":"P Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2735","article-title":"Genome sequencing of 161 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from China identifies genes and intergenic regions associated with drug resistance","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.15.0389","article-title":"Mechanisms of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: update 2015","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung D"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01775-13","article-title":"Binding pocket alterations in dihydrofolate synthase confer resistance to para-aminosalicylic acid in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"58","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Ch"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180328134013_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4696","article-title":"Towards host-directed therapies for tuberculosis","volume":"14","author":"Zumla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"}],"container-title":["FEMS Microbiology Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/femsre\/article-pdf\/41\/3\/354\/18072686\/fux011.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,26]],"date-time":"2022-07-26T12:48:13Z","timestamp":1658839693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/femsre\/article\/41\/3\/354\/3089982"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]]},"references-count":203,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsre\/fux011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1574-6976"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1574-6976","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]]}}}