{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T02:05:49Z","timestamp":1781921149377,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020"},{"name":"Techniques and Technologies for Effective Wood Procurement","award":["720757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["720757"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009047","name":"Strategic Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["314224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["314224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["314224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The aim of this study was to examine how intensified silviculture affects timber production (sawlogs and pulpwood) and its economic profitability (net present value [NPV], with 2 per cent interest rate) based on forest ecosystem model simulations. The study was conducted on Norway spruce and Scots pine stands located on medium-fertile upland forest sites under middle boreal conditions in Finland, under current climate and minor climate change (the RCP2.6 forcing scenario). In intensified silviculture, improved regeneration materials were used, with 10\u201320 per cent higher growth than the unimproved materials, and\/or nitrogen (N) fertilization of 150 kg ha\u22121, once or twice during a rotation of 50\u201370 years. Compared to the baseline management regime, the use of improved seedlings, alone or together with N fertilization, increased timber production by up to 26\u201328 per cent and the NPV by up to 32\u201360 per cent over rotation lengths of 60\u201370 years, regardless of tree species (although more in spruce) or climate applied. The use of improved seedlings affected timber yield and NPV more than N fertilization. Minor climate change also increased these outcomes in Scots pine, but not in Norway spruce.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/forestry\/cpz043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T23:14:32Z","timestamp":1559690072000},"page":"648-658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effects of intensified silviculture on timber production and its economic profitability in boreal Norway spruce and Scots pine stands under changing climatic conditions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7225-1798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J","family":"Routa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Technology and Logistics, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Yliopistokatu 6B, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kilpel\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V -P","family":"Ikonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Asikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest Technology and Logistics, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Yliopistokatu 6B, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Ven\u00e4l\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Finnish Meteorological Institute, Erik Palm\u00e9nin aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Peltola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019121210472467300_cpz043C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s11056-011-9284-6","article-title":"Financial performance of using genetically improved regeneration material of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Finland","volume":"43","author":"Ahtikoski","year":"2012","journal-title":"New For."},{"key":"2019121210472467300_cpz043C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1139\/cjfr-2012-0393","article-title":"Optimizing stand management involving the effect of genetic gain: preliminary results for Scots pine in Finland","volume":"43","author":"Ahtikoski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can. 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