{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:56:44Z","timestamp":1789505804260,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\u00a0<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The possible tendency of subjects to decrease, hide, or omit symptomatic aspects of their mental functioning is one of the main problems in forensic psychological and psychiatric evaluations. We aimed at verifying the possible existence of significant differences in the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) scales scores between a sample of dissimulators (n\u2009=\u200940) and their non-dissimulator counterpart matched by age, sex, and diagnosis. Cases and comparisons were retrieved from the archive of a single university forensic psychiatric centre between 2013 and 2022. Results showed statistically significant higher scores in the sample of dissimulators in the Desirability, Histrionic, Narcissistic, and Compulsive MCMI-III scales than in the comparison sample. Point biserial correlation test disclosed a strong positive correlation between the Desirability, Histrionic, Narcissistic, and Compulsive scales of the MCMI-III and being in the dissimulator group of subjects while a negative correlation emerged for all the other scales except drug dependence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/fsr\/owad054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,25]],"date-time":"2023-12-25T11:52:22Z","timestamp":1703505142000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dissimulation in forensic psychiatric evaluations, a case-control study of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III"],"prefix":"10.3788","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Roberta","family":"Risola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Science Psychology and Communication, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d , Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Mandarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"},{"name":"University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignazio","family":"Grattagliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Science Psychology and Communication, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d , Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Cassano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"},{"name":"University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Valerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"},{"name":"University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Law, University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Catanesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"},{"name":"University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d , Section of Criminology and Forensic Psychiatry, , Bari , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2099","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref1","volume-title":"Clinical assessment of malingering and deception","author":"Rogers","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref2","volume-title":"Trattato di Psichiatria Forense","author":"Fornari","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref3","first-page":"133","article-title":"L\u2019uso del Test MMPI-2 nella Valutazione delle Condotte Distorsive: La Dissimulazione","volume":"1","author":"Martino","year":"2013","journal-title":"Riv It Med Leg"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.12889","article-title":"A new index for the MMPI-2 test for detecting dissimulation in forensic evaluations: a pilot study","volume":"61","author":"Martino","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-47923-0_5","volume-title":"Forensic Psychology","author":"Rogers","year":"2002"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref6","first-page":"444","article-title":"Concealment of psychopathology in forensic evaluations: a pilot study of intentional and uninsightful dissimulators","volume":"31","author":"Caruso","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Psychiatry Law"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref7","first-page":"99","article-title":"Detecting faking good in military enlistment procedure according to a new index for the MMPI-2","volume":"2","author":"Bosco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rassegna Ital di Criminol"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref8","volume-title":"Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) Manual","author":"Millon","year":"1994"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref9","volume-title":"MCMI-III, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III: Manuale","author":"Zennaro","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref10","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994","edition":"4th"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1300\/J158v02n03_04","article-title":"Guidelines for forensic application of the MCMI-III","volume":"2","author":"McCann","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Forensic Psychol Pract"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/15379418.2015.1120169","article-title":"The utility of the MCMI-III in child custody evaluations: the impact of clinical norms","volume":"12","author":"Stolberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Child Custody"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref13","first-page":"201","volume-title":"New Directions in Interpreting the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III)","author":"Dyer","year":"2005"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005500615111","article-title":"The Millon clinical inventories, research critical of their forensic application, and Daubert criteria","volume":"24","author":"Dyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Law Hum Behav"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref15","volume-title":"Forensic Assessment with the Millon Inventories","author":"McCann","year":"1996"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref16","first-page":"124","volume-title":"The Millon Inventories: Clinical and Personality Assessment","author":"Dyer","year":"1997"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref17","volume-title":"MCMI-III Manual","author":"Millon","year":"1997","edition":"2nd edn"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref18","first-page":"182","volume-title":"Clinical Assessment of Malingering and Deception,","author":"Sellbom","year":"2008","edition":"3rd 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Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory to detect malingering","volume":"15","author":"Schoenberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1080\/14789940600761394","article-title":"Development of discriminant functions to detect dissimulation for the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (3rd edition)","volume":"17","author":"Schoenberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Forens Psychiatry Psychol"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa8701_10","article-title":"MMPI-2 and MCMI-III characteristics of parental competency examinees","volume":"87","author":"Stredny","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-1617.2007.00138.x","article-title":"Failing the burden of proof: the science and ethics of projective tests 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Dis"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820140037004","article-title":"Progress toward achieving a common language in psychiatry","volume":"50","author":"Sartorius","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch of Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.10.1427","article-title":"Progress toward achieving a common language in psychiatry, II: results from the international field trials of the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for research for mental and behavioral disorders","volume":"152","author":"Sartorius","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th 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examinees","volume":"90","author":"Wise","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6602_19","article-title":"MCMI-III diagnostic validity: bad test or bad validity study?","volume":"66","author":"Retzlaff","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"2024040222412387500_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.12.4.418","article-title":"The detection of fake-bad and fake-good responding on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III","volume":"12","author":"Daubert","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"}],"container-title":["Forensic Sciences Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/fsr\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/fsr\/owad054\/54921895\/owad054.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/fsr\/article-pdf\/9\/1\/owad054\/57139040\/owad054.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/fsr\/article-pdf\/9\/1\/owad054\/57139040\/owad054.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:09:17Z","timestamp":1785222557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/researching.cn\/articles\/OJ71d29558d01837d"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/fsr\/owad054","relation":{},"ISSN":["2096-1790","2471-1411"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2096-1790","type":"print"},{"value":"2471-1411","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]]},"article-number":"owad054"}}