{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:29:02Z","timestamp":1789586942195,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011705","name":"Korea Institute of Marine Science and Technology Promotion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011705","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003566","name":"Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20180430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20180430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003566","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008787","name":"National Institute of Fisheries Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R2021038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R2021038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009122","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009122","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pond smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis) is a cold-freshwater fish species and a winter economic aquaculture resource in South Korea. Because of its high susceptibility to abnormal water temperature from global warming, a large number of smelt die in hot summers. Here, we present the first draft genome of H. nipponensis and transcriptomic changes in molecular mechanisms or intracellular responses under heat stress. We combined Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies to generate the draft genome of H. nipponensis. Based on the reference genome, we conducted transcriptome analysis of liver and muscle tissues under normal (NT, 5\u00b0C) vs. warm (HT, 23\u00b0C) conditions to identify heat stress\u2013induced genes and gene categories. We observed a total of 1987 contigs with N50 of 0.46 Mbp, with the largest contig (3.03 Mbp) in the assembled genome. A total of 20,644 protein-coding genes were predicted, and 19,224 genes were functionally annotated: 15,955 genes for Gene Ontology terms and 11,560 genes for KEGG Orthology. We conducted the lost and gained genes analysis compared with three species that: human, zebrafish, and salmon. In the lost genes analysis, we detected that smelt lost 4461 (22.16%), 2825 (10.62%), and 1499 (3.09%) genes compare with above three species, respectively. In the gained genes analysis, we observed that smelt gained 1133 (5.49%), 1670 (8.09%), and 229 (1.11%) genes compared with the above species, respectively. From transcriptome analysis, a total of 297 and 331 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with a false discovery rate &amp;lt;0.05 were identified in the liver and muscle tissues, respectively. Gene enrichment analysis of DEGs indicates that upregulated genes were significantly enriched for lipid biosynthetic process (GO:0008610, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), and genes were downregulated by immune responses such as myeloid cell differentiation (GO:0030099, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) in the liver under heat stress. In muscle tissue, upregulated genes were enriched for hypoxia (GO:0001666, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05), transcription regulator activity (GO:0140110, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), and calcium-release channel activity (GO:0015278, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01), and genes were downregulated for a nicotinamide nucleotide biosynthetic process (GO:0019359, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). The results of KEGG pathway analysis were similar to that of gene enrichment analysis. The draft genome and transcriptomic of H. nipponensis will be a useful genetic resource for functional and evolutionary studies. Our findings will improve understanding of molecular mechanisms and heat responses and be useful for predicting survival of the smelt and its closely related species under global warming.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/g3journal\/jkab147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]],"date-time":"2021-05-04T10:28:49Z","timestamp":1620124129000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Draft genome of the Korean smelt\n                    <i>Hypomesus nipponensis<\/i>\n                    and its transcriptomic responses to heat stress in the liver and muscle"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Biao","family":"Xuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Big Data, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jongbin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Big Data, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukjung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Big Data, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inhwan","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Big Data, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo-Hye","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Soo","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Mi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi-Young","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inland Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gapyeong 12453, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Younhee","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Center, Insilicogen Inc, Yongin 16954, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hyeon","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Center, Insilicogen Inc, Yongin 16954, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6475-2012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Bae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Genomics and Big Data, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021100712144364200_jkab147-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2013.05.016","article-title":"Key role of lipids in heat stress management","volume":"587","author":"Balogh","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"2021100712144364200_jkab147-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(02)00687-X","article-title":"Heat shock protein genes and their functional significance in 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