{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:20:15Z","timestamp":1787008815907,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-11-BSV7-0016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-BSV7-0016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many salmonids have a male heterogametic (XX\/XY) sex determination system, and they are supposed to have a conserved master sex-determining gene (sdY) that interacts at the protein level with Foxl2 leading to the blockage of the synergistic induction of Foxl2 and Nr5a1 of the cyp19a1a promoter. However, this hypothesis of a conserved master sex-determining role of sdY in salmonids is challenged by a few exceptions, one of them being the presence of naturally occurring \u201capparent\u201d XY Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, females. Here, we show that some XY Chinook salmon females have a sdY gene (sdY-N183), with 1 missense mutation leading to a substitution of a conserved isoleucine to an asparagine (I183N). In contrast, Chinook salmon males have both a nonmutated sdY-I183 gene and the missense mutation sdY-N183 gene. The 3-dimensional model of SdY-I183N predicts that the I183N hydrophobic to hydrophilic amino acid change leads to a modification in the SdY \u03b2-sandwich structure. Using in vitro cell transfection assays, we found that SdY-I183N, like the wild-type SdY, is preferentially localized in the cytoplasm. However, compared to wild-type SdY, SdY-I183N is more prone to degradation, its nuclear translocation by Foxl2 is reduced, and SdY-I183N is unable to significantly repress the synergistic Foxl2\/Nr5a1 induction of the cyp19a1a promoter. Altogether, our results suggest that the sdY-N183 gene of XY Chinook females is nonfunctional and that SdY-I183N is no longer able to promote testicular differentiation by impairing the synthesis of estrogens in the early differentiating gonads of wild Chinook salmon XY females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/g3journal\/jkab451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T12:44:20Z","timestamp":1641213860000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A nonfunctional copy of the salmonid sex-determining gene (\n                    <i>sdY<\/i>\n                    ) is responsible for the \u201capparent\u201d XY females in Chinook salmon,\n                    <i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1219-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvain","family":"Bertho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, LPGP, Rennes 35000, France"},{"name":"Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97074, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0630-4027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amaury","family":"Herpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, LPGP, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Jouanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, LPGP, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7340-2009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayaka","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, LPGP, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9355-8227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julien","family":"Bobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, LPGP, Rennes 35000, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugues","family":"Parrinello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9nomique Fonctionnelle, IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier 34094, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3499-8887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Journot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9nomique Fonctionnelle, IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier 34094, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2816-6398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"Guyomard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GABI, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Paris 75005, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1862-7357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Muller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0524-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Penny","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6267-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Garrett","family":"McKinney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6910-8840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atreca, Inc., San Carlos, CA 94070, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3219-4888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariah","family":"Meek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Integrative Biology, AgBio Research, and Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9882-5948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manfred","family":"Schartl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA"},{"name":"Department of Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, University of W\u00fcerzburg, Wuerzburg 97074, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5464-6219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yann","family":"Guiguen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRAE, LPGP, Rennes 35000, 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