{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:02:56Z","timestamp":1791604976927,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Plant Breeding Graduate Initiative"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007698","name":"University of Florida","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"USDA-AFRI REEU"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As the demand for plant-based nutrition increases, improving the protein profile of legumes like cowpea has become a breeding priority. Cowpea, a multiuse legume and staple in many low-income regions, provides important dietary protein that can help meet the demand in our growing population. Our research used genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and phenomic tools to investigate the genetic architecture of seed protein content in cowpea and integrated 4 cohorts of undergraduate researchers through a USDA-AFRI REEU program. Using wet chemistry and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), we assessed crude protein (CP) within the University of California Riverside Minicore collection, developed and validated a custoMED-made NIRS calibration equation for CP (R2 = 0.86), and performed GWAS with \u223c41k single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Significant SNPs associated with protein content were identified on chromosomes 1, 3, 7, 10, and 11, and candidate genes were linked to functions including nutrient transport, stress response, and seed storage protein regulation. These results provide a foundation for future marker validation and functional studies, and demonstrate the value of pairing trait discovery with undergraduate training.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/g3journal\/jkag088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T03:25:01Z","timestamp":1775618701000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetic dissection of protein content in cowpea using custom-made NIRS equations and GWAS as a model for nutritional breeding and undergraduate research training"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1178-2971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Habib","family":"Akinmade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Breeding Graduate Program, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiri","family":"Ben-Israel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sustainable Biomaterials and Packaging, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University , Auburn, AL 36849 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chase","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commercial Operations Department, Wish Farms , Plant City, FL 33563 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annmary","family":"Tharayil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University , Denton, TX 76204 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5695-0602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca Olivia","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca Caroline","family":"Ulbricht Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Center (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas, Sao Paulo 13083-875 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytics Department, GDM Seeds , Campinas, Sao Paulo 13091-611 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziynet","family":"Boz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3389-7195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esteban","family":"Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Breeding Graduate Program, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Agronomy Department, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL 32611 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026060312385549700_jkag088-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafr.2022.100383","article-title":"A review of the nutritional use of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. 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