{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:58:35Z","timestamp":1753876715218,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":126,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Visceral fat represents a metabolically active entity linked to adverse metabolic sequelae of obesity. We aimed to determine if celiac artery mesenteric fat thickness can be reliably measured during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and if these measurements correlate with metabolic disease burden.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent celiac artery mesenteric fat measurement with endosonography (CAMEUS) measurement at a tertiary referral center, and a validation prospective trial of patients with obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis who received paired EUS exams with CAMEUS measurement before and after six months of treatment with an intragastric balloon.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CAMEUS was measured in 154 patients [56.5% females, mean age 56.5\u2009\u00b1\u200918.0\u2009years, body mass index (BMI) 29.8\u2009\u00b1\u20098.0 kg\/m2] and was estimated at 14.7\u2009\u00b1\u20096.5\u2009mm. CAMEUS better correlated with the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (R2\u2009=\u20090.248, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) than BMI (R2\u2009=\u20090.153, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), and significantly correlated with metabolic parameters and diseases. After six months of intragastric balloon placement, the prospective cohort experienced 11.7% total body weight loss, 1.3 points improvement in hemoglobin A1c (P\u2009=\u20090.001), and a 29.4% average decrease in CAMEUS (\u22126.4\u2009\u00b1\u20095.2\u2009mm, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). CAMEUS correlated with improvements in weight (R2\u2009=\u20090.368), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (R2\u2009=\u20090.138), and NAFLD activity score (R2\u2009=\u20090.156) (all P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CAMEUS is a novel measure that is significantly correlated with critical metabolic indices and can be easily captured during routine EUS to risk-stratify susceptible patients. This station could allow for EUS access to sampling and therapeutics of this metabolic region.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/goae039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T23:58:14Z","timestamp":1714175894000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Celiac artery mesenteric fat measurement with endosonography (CAMEUS) reliably correlates with obesity and related comorbidities"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4599-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fateh","family":"Bazerbachi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CentraCare, Interventional Endoscopy Program, St Cloud Hospital , St. Cloud, MN, USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Baroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel B","family":"Maselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric J","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliana","family":"Bofill-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan J","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6209-9905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinay","family":"Chandrasekhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew C","family":"Storm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferga C","family":"Gleeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasad G","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kymberly D","family":"Watt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barham K","family":"Abu Dayyeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among adults: United States, 2017-2018","volume":"360","author":"Hales","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.051936","article-title":"Association of body mass index and age with morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19: results From the American Heart Association COVID-19 cardiovascular disease registry","volume":"143","author":"Hendren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.14.12.1132","article-title":"Metabolic implications of body fat distribution","volume":"14","author":"Bj\u00f6rntorp","year":"1991","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2006.07.005","article-title":"The link between abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease","volume":"17","author":"Ritchie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2014.00164","article-title":"Bariatric surgery and non-alcoholic Fatty liver disease: current and potential future treatments","volume":"5","author":"Sasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2014.06.015","article-title":"Liver disease in the morbidly obese: a review of 1000 consecutive patients undergoing weight loss surgery","volume":"11","author":"Subichin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Obes Relat Dis"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-2-199301150-00013","article-title":"Outpatient liver biopsy: how safe is it?","volume":"118","author":"Garcia-Tsao","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.5946\/ce.2017.013","article-title":"Recent clinical results of endoscopic bariatric therapies as an obesity intervention","volume":"50","author":"Bazerbachi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Endosc"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3227-7","article-title":"Fluid-filled versus gas-filled intragastric balloons as obesity interventions: a network meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"28","author":"Bazerbachi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.07.026","article-title":"Endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"71","author":"Abu Dayyeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2019.08.006","article-title":"EUS-guided core liver biopsy sampling using a 22-gauge fork-tip needle: a prospective blinded trial for histologic and lipidomic evaluation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"90","author":"Bazerbachi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.04.068","article-title":"Intragastric balloon placement induces significant metabolic and histologic improvement in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"19","author":"Bazerbachi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"AB305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2020.03.2119","article-title":"Su1273 endosonographic estimation of the celiac artery mesenteric fat thickness (cameus) is a novel reliable anthropomorphic correlate of obesity and obesity-associated steatohepatitis: a proof-of-concept prospective controlled study and technique description","volume":"91","author":"Bazerbachi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome\u2014a new world-wide definition. A consensus statement from the international diabetes federation","volume":"23","author":"Alberti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B16","first-page":"i","article-title":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation","volume-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser","year":"2000"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.4.1297","article-title":"American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) consensus conference on the insulin resistance syndrome: 25-26 August 2002, Washington, DC","volume":"26","author":"Bloomgarden","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50161","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver, steatohepatitis, and the metabolic syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Marchesini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-143-10-200511150-00009","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome as a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"143","author":"Hamaguchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-3012-z","article-title":"Bariatric surgery as an efficient treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a prospective study with 1-year follow-up: BariScan study","volume":"28","author":"Nickel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies","volume":"363","author":"WHO Expert Consultation","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M400159-JLR200","article-title":"Are BMI and other anthropometric measures appropriate as indices for obesity? A study in an Asian population","volume":"45","author":"Goh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2010.5","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify obesity as defined by body adiposity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Okorodudu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(01)00672-4","article-title":"Is obesity an inflammatory condition?","volume":"17","author":"Das","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B25","first-page":"99","article-title":"Low-grade systemic inflammation connects aging, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease","volume":"40","author":"Guarner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Interdiscip Top Gerontol"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1994.74.4.761","article-title":"Regional adiposity and morbidity","volume":"74","author":"Kissebah","year":"1994","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051474","article-title":"Non-esterified fatty acids and the liver: why is insulin secreted into the portal vein?","volume":"43","author":"Bergman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.01.023","article-title":"Liver biopsy analysis has a low level of performance for diagnosis of intermediate stages of fibrosis","volume":"10","author":"Poynard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.08.069","article-title":"Range of normal liver stiffness and factors associated with increased stiffness measurements in apparently healthy individuals","volume":"17","author":"Bazerbachi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06076-0","article-title":"Prediction of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS) with multiparametric hepatic magnetic resonance imaging and elastography","volume":"29","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30483","article-title":"The role of three-dimensional magnetic resonance elastography in the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery","volume":"71","author":"Allen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26455","article-title":"Utility of magnetic resonance imaging versus histology for quantifying changes in liver fat in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease trials","volume":"58","author":"Noureddin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29797","article-title":"Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of liver fat by MRI-PDFF as an endpoint in NASH trials","volume":"68","author":"Caussy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02394-1","article-title":"Adjustable intragastric balloon for treatment of obesity: a multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial","volume":"398","author":"Abu Dayyeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024042623580357400_goae039-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01280-6","article-title":"Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for treatment of class 1 and 2 obesity (MERIT): a prospective, multicentre, randomised trial","volume":"400","author":"Abu Dayyeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology Report"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gastro\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/gastro\/goae039\/57341794\/goae039.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gastro\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/gastro\/goae039\/57341794\/goae039.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T23:58:26Z","timestamp":1714175906000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gastro\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/gastro\/goae039\/7658896"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gastro\/goae039","relation":{},"ISSN":["2052-0034"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2052-0034"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"article-number":"goae039"}}