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We infer the extent to which vertical inheritance and horizontal gene transfer have influenced the evolution of mercury methylators and hypothesize that evolution of this trait bestowed the ability to produce an antimicrobial compound (MeHg+) on a potentially resource-limited early Earth. We speculate that, in response, the evolution of MeHg+-detoxifying alkylmercury lyase (encoded by merB) reduced a selective advantage for mercury methylators and resulted in widespread loss of hgc in Bacteria and Archaea.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evad051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T21:48:45Z","timestamp":1679435325000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["On the Origin and Evolution of Microbial Mercury Methylation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2162-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heyu","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographical, Atmospheric and Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmund R R","family":"Moody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Earth Sciences, 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