{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T19:17:53Z","timestamp":1783106273084,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Costco\/Project Apis m"},{"name":"NSF IOS Collaborative Research","award":["2005306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2005306"]}]},{"name":"NSF DBI Biology Integration Institutes","award":["2022049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022049"]}]},{"name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to Phase Genomics"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Bacteriophages can evolve rapidly. Mutation and recombination via horizontal gene transfer allow them to counter adaptive responses by microbial hosts. However, little is known about the genomic processes underlying phage evolution within an ecological context\u2014especially within natural microbial communities. This is due in part to the difficulty in resolving aspects of phage ecology, such as host range. To better understand the interplay of phage ecology and evolution within natural microbial communities, we combined measures of phage host range in vivo with measures of genome evolution in order to infer the evolutionary pressures acting on phage genomes within individual honeybee worker microbiomes. We show that near-identical phage genomes, cooccurring across multiple honeybee colonies, exhibit large variation with respect to gene modules, despite retaining a highly similar core genome. Estimates of genic diversity suggest deviations from neutral evolutionary models and identify loci under putative diversifying selection. We then use HiC-resolved metagenomics and show that the honeybee gut contains a dense phage community that exhibits a wide degree of host range variation. This variation differed across individual metagenomes in both the number and phylogenetic distance of potential hosts. We show that common measures of genetic variation positively correlate with host range in bee-associated phages and that functional targets of diversifying selection are partitioned differently between broad or narrow host range phages. Our work underscores the high host range variation associated with phages within host-associated microbial communities and provides evidence that this variation impacts rates of phage evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evag152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T11:40:34Z","timestamp":1781955634000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Host Range Breadth Correlates with Genic Diversity in Honeybee Phages"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1929-7396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris R P","family":"Robinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington , Bloomington, IN 47405 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6164-1344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam G","family":"Dolezal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL 61801 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Liachko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phase Genomics , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7118-0374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene L G","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington , Bloomington, IN 47405 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwac045","article-title":"The SGNH hydrolase family: a template for carbohydrate diversity","volume":"32","author":"Anderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glycobiology"},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2015.08.013","article-title":"Engineering modular viral scaffolds for targeted bacterial population editing","volume":"1","author":"Ando","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Syst."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4163","article-title":"KBase: the United States department of energy systems biology knowledgebase","volume":"36","author":"Arkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Softw."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-025-02108-2","article-title":"Phages with a broad host range are common across ecosystems","volume":"10","author":"Bignaud","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7355","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2000228117","article-title":"Honey bees harbor a diverse gut virome engaging in nested strain-level interactions with the Microbiota","volume":"117","author":"Bonilla-Rosso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adi5536","article-title":"Rapid Bacteria-phage coevolution drives the emergence of multiscale networks","volume":"382","author":"Borin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3893","article-title":"Minimum information about a single amplified genome (MISAG) and a metagenome-assembled genome (MIMAG) of Bacteria and archaea","volume":"35","author":"Bowers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-120709-142805","article-title":"Marine viruses: truth or dare","volume":"4","author":"Breitbart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rev Mar Sci."},{"key":"2026070314354417200_evag152-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261498","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1261498","article-title":"Ocean plankton. 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