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Whether the independent evolution of torpor in different lineages involved changes in the same genes remains poorly understood. Here, we performed comparative screens across 190 placental mammal genomes to comprehensively examine associations between loss, positive selection, and evolutionary rate shifts in individual protein-coding genes and evolutionary shifts in torpor use. We find that gene\u2013torpor associations are highly clade-specific, with no gene being able to explain the majority of torpor shifts across the phylogeny of placental mammals. In contrast, there is more evidence, albeit still limited, for evolutionary convergence at the pathway level. Our results suggest that torpor emerged through several genetic routes in placental mammals, which likely explains the vast diversity of torpor use patterns that can be observed among torpor-capable species today.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/gbe\/evag216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T07:05:31Z","timestamp":1788332731000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lack of Evidence for Gene-Level Convergence Linked to Evolutionary Shifts in Torpor Among Placental Mammals"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5082-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios - Georgios","family":"Kontopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Senckenberg \u2013 Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research , Frankfurt am Main ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California , Los Angeles, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5338-6566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexis-Walid","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senckenberg \u2013 Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research , Frankfurt am Main ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt am Main ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2379-9148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Bein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senckenberg \u2013 Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research , Frankfurt am Main ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt am Main ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0132-8094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle L","family":"Levesque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine , Orono, ME ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3024-1449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senckenberg \u2013 Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research , Frankfurt am Main ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Faculty of Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt , Frankfurt am Main 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