{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:51:00Z","timestamp":1780588260052,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]],"date-time":"1995-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":812505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A strain of Caenorhabditis elegans was constructed that permits selection of dominant or sex-linked mutations that transform XO animals (normally male) into fertile females, using a feminizing mutation, tra-2(e2046gf), which by itself does not sexually transform XO males. Twenty-three mutations were isolated after chemical mutagenesis and found to fall into both expected classes (four dominant tra-1 mutations and eight recessive xol-1 mutations) and novel classes. The novel mutations include 10 second-site mutations of tra-2, which are called eg mutations, for enhanced gain-of-function. The tra-2(gf, eg) alleles lead to complete dominant transformation of XO animals from fertile male into fertile female. Also isolated was a duplication of the left end of the X chromosome, eDp26, which has dominant XO lethal and feminizing properties, unlike all previously isolated duplications of the X chromosome. The properties of eDp26 indicate that it carries copies of one or more numerator elements, which act as part of the primary sex-determination signal, the X:A ratio. The eDp26 duplication is attached to the left tip of the X chromosome in inverted orientation and consequently can be used to generate unstable attached-X chromosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/141.2.527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T21:22:53Z","timestamp":1610572973000},"page":"527-542","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Isolation of dominant XO-feminizing mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans: new regulatory tra alleles and an X chromosome duplication with implications for primary sex determination."],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Hodgkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D G","family":"Albertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]]},"container-title":["Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/genetics\/article-pdf\/141\/2\/527\/34607271\/genetics0527.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/genetics\/article-pdf\/141\/2\/527\/34607271\/genetics0527.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T19:55:16Z","timestamp":1619121316000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/genetics\/article\/141\/2\/527\/6013463"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/genetics\/141.2.527","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-2631"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-2631","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,10,1]]}}}