{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:56:22Z","timestamp":1790866582141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]],"date-time":"2003-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1049155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Malaria parasite antigens involved in erythrocyte invasion are primary vaccine candidates. The erythrocyte-binding antigen 175K (EBA-175) of Plasmodium falciparum binds to glycophorin A on the human erythrocyte surface via an N-terminal cysteine-rich region (termed region II) and is a target of antibody responses. A survey of polymorphism in a malaria-endemic population shows that nucleotide alleles in eba-175 region II occur at more intermediate frequencies than expected under neutrality, but polymorphisms in the homologous domains of two closely related genes, eba-140 (encoding a second erythrocyte-binding protein) and \u03a8eba-165 (a putative pseudogene), show an opposite trend. McDonald-Kreitman tests employing interspecific comparison with the orthologous genes in P. reichenowi (a closely related parasite of chimpanzees) reveal a significant excess of nonsynonymous polymorphism in P. falciparum eba-175 but not in eba-140. An analysis of the Duffy-binding protein gene, encoding a major erythrocyte-binding antigen in the other common human malaria parasite P. vivax, also reveals a significant excess of nonsynonymous polymorphisms when compared with divergence from its ortholog in P. knowlesi (a closely related parasite of macaques). The results suggest that EBA-175 in P. falciparum and DBP in P. vivax are both under diversifying selection from acquired human immune responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/163.4.1327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T05:18:14Z","timestamp":1619155094000},"page":"1327-1336","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Evidence for Diversifying Selection on Erythrocyte-Binding Antigens of <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i> and <i>P. vivax<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"163","author":[{"given":"Jake","family":"Baum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan W","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 2280 GH Rijswijk, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Conway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010519324159800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90295-P","article-title":"The Duffy receptor family of Plasmodium knowlesi is located within the micronemes of invasive malaria merozoites","volume":"63","author":"Adams","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2022010519324159800_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7085","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.15.7085","article-title":"A family of erythrocyte binding proteins of malaria parasites","volume":"89","author":"Adams","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. 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