{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:47:26Z","timestamp":1786668446946,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]],"date-time":"2021-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82020108032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82020108032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81673478"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81673478"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81872910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81872910"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Basic Research Project","award":["19JC1414900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19JC1414900"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01AI143689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI143689"]}]},{"name":"Burroughs Wellcome Fund Investigators in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases","award":["1020388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1020388"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["997\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["997\/18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Candida albicans is a prevalent human fungal pathogen. Rapid genomic change, due to aneuploidy, is a common mechanism that facilitates survival from multiple types of stresses including the few classes of available antifungal drugs. The stress survival of aneuploids occurs despite the fitness costs attributed to most aneuploids growing under idealized lab conditions. Systematic study of the aneuploid state in C. albicans has been hindered by the lack of a comprehensive collection of aneuploid strains. Here, we describe a collection of diploid C. albicans aneuploid strains, each carrying one extra copy of each chromosome, all from the same genetic background. We tested the fitness of this collection under several physiological conditions including shifts in pH, low glucose, oxidative stress, temperature, high osmolarity, membrane stress, and cell wall stress. We found that most aneuploids, under most conditions, were less fit than their euploid parent, yet there were specific conditions under which specific aneuploid isolates provided a fitness benefit relative to the euploid parent strain. Importantly, this fitness benefit was attributable to the change in the copy number of specific chromosomes. Thus, C. albicans can tolerate aneuploidy of each chromosome and some aneuploids confer improved growth under conditions that the yeast encounters in its host niches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/iyab056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,10]],"date-time":"2021-04-10T00:48:41Z","timestamp":1618015721000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["The fitness costs and benefits of trisomy of each\n                    <i>Candida albicans<\/i>\n                    chromosome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China"},{"name":"Institute of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200086, China"},{"name":"Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4522-7124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert T","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3298-2400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Selmecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan-ying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Tenth People\u2019s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong-bing","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200086, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8577-0084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdg235","article-title":"Completion of a parasexual cycle in Candida albicans by induced chromosome loss in tetraploid strains","volume":"22","author":"Bennett","year":"2003","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.00209-09","article-title":"Aneuploid chromosomes are highly unstable during DNA transformation of Candida albicans","volume":"8","author":"Bouchonville","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2514","article-title":"Sensitive detection of somatic point mutations in impure and heterogeneous cancer samples","volume":"31","author":"Cibulskis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.4161\/fly.19695","article-title":"A program for annotating and predicting the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms, SnpEff: SNPs in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster strain w1118; iso-2; iso-3","volume":"6","author":"Cingolani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fly (Austin)"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20156444","article-title":"Evolutionary rescue by compensatory mutations is constrained by genomic and environmental backgrounds","volume":"11","author":"Filteau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1008137","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1008137","article-title":"Selection of Candida albicans trisomy during oropharyngeal infection results in a commensal-like phenotype","volume":"15","author":"Forche","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00662","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.00662","article-title":"The evolution of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Candida albicans","volume":"4","author":"Ford","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52063","article-title":"The genetic basis of aneuploidy tolerance in wild yeast","volume":"9","author":"Hose","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5150","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.9.5150","article-title":"Monosomy of a specific chromosome determines L-sorbose utilization: a novel regulatory mechanism in Candida 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drugs","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"2021091718263384900_iyab056-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00071-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00071-17","article-title":"Tolerance to caspofungin in Candida albicans is associated with at least three distinctive mechanisms that govern expression of FKS genes and cell wall remodeling","volume":"61","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents 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