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Photodamage and other bulky lesions occurring in nuclear genomes can be repaired through nucleotide excision repair (NER), where incisions on both sides of a damaged site precede the removal of a single-stranded oligonucleotide containing the damage. Mitochondrial genomes (mtDNAs) are also susceptible to damage from UV light, but current evidence suggests that the only way to eliminate bulky mtDNA damage is through mtDNA degradation. Damage-containing oligonucleotides excised during NER can be captured with antidamage antibodies and sequenced (XR-seq) to produce high-resolution maps of active repair locations following UV exposure. We analyzed previously published datasets from Arabidopsis thaliana, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Drosophila melanogaster to identify reads originating from the mtDNA (and plastid genome in A. thaliana). In A. thaliana and S. cerevisiae, the mtDNA-mapping reads have unique length distributions compared to the nuclear-mapping reads. The dominant fragment size was 26 nt in S. cerevisiae and 28 nt in A. thaliana with distinct secondary peaks occurring in regular intervals. These reads also show a nonrandom distribution of di-pyrimidines (the substrate for CPD formation) with TT enrichment at positions 7\u20138 of the reads. Therefore, UV damage to mtDNA appears to result in production of DNA fragments of characteristic lengths and positions relative to the damaged location. The mechanisms producing these fragments are unclear, but we hypothesize that they result from a previously uncharacterized DNA degradation pathway or repair mechanism in mitochondria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/iyae070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T13:23:23Z","timestamp":1715261003000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["UV damage induces production of mitochondrial DNA fragments with specific length profiles"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"227","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7934-9189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gus","family":"Waneka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"},{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2313-6384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia , Athens 30602, GA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Wilusz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7157-1519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Lucas","family":"Argueso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"},{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel B","family":"Sloan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"},{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University , Fort Collins 80521, CO , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2024091718474310600_iyae070-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2116","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1700230114","article-title":"Genome-wide transcription-coupled repair in Escherichia coli is mediated by the Mfd translocase","volume":"114","author":"Adebali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"45","key":"2024091718474310600_iyae070-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18386","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C117.818807","article-title":"Mfd translocase is necessary and sufficient for transcription-coupled repair in Escherichia coli","volume":"292","author":"Adebali","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024091718474310600_iyae070-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R18","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2011-12-2-r18","article-title":"Analyzing and minimizing PCR amplification bias in Illumina sequencing libraries","volume":"12","author":"Aird","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024091718474310600_iyae070-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-021-07898-3","article-title":"Comparative analyses of two primate species diverged by more than 60 million years show different rates but similar distribution of genome-wide UV repair events","volume":"22","author":"Akkose","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"2024091718474310600_iyae070-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.enz.2019.06.002","volume-title":"The Enzymes, Volume 45. 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