{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:55:51Z","timestamp":1780408551164,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006093","name":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CE-1304\u20136301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CE-1304\u20136301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Pittsburgh Claude D.\u00a0Pepper Older Americans Independence Center","award":["NIA P30 AG024827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIA P30 AG024827"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIA K24 AG057728"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIA K24 AG057728"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We examined the association between improved mobility and distal health outcomes in older adults using secondary analysis of data from a cluster-randomized controlled group exercise trial.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants were 303 men and women aged \u226565 and older in 32 independent living facilities, senior apartments, and community centers who participated in 12-week group exercise interventions. Included were those who completed \u22651 follow-up phone call regarding outcomes assessment in the following year. Gait speed and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) were assessed at baseline and immediately after 12-week interventions to determine mobility performance change status. Falls, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalizations were assessed monthly for 12 months following the end of interventions via interactive voice response phone calls. Incident rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to quantify incidence of adverse outcomes with respect to mobility performance change.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Each 0.05 m\/s increase in gait speed resulted in an 11% reduction in falls (IRR = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84\u20130.94; p &amp;lt; .0001); a similar decrease was seen for each 20 m increase in 6MWD (IRR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83\u20130.93; p = .0003). Those who improved gait speed had 61 falls per 1,000 person-months versus 135 in those who had no change\/a decline. Those who improved 6MWD had 67 falls per 1,000 person-months versus 110 per 1,000 person-months in those who had no change\/a decline. Differences in ED visits and hospitalizations were not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Improvements in mobility performance are associated with lower incidence of future falls. Given the exploratory nature of the findings, further investigation is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]],"date-time":"2020-04-09T04:44:34Z","timestamp":1586407474000},"page":"2412-2417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Association Between Improved Mobility and Distal Health Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1651-8296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie","family":"Shuman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3954-2563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C","family":"Coyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subashan","family":"Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessie M","family":"Van Swearingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6786-9956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve M","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer S","family":"Brach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw043","article-title":"Age-related change in mobility: perspectives from life course epidemiology and geroscience","volume":"71","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"issue":"29","key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.MM6429a2","article-title":"Prevalence of disability and disability type among adults--United States, 2013","volume":"64","author":"Courtney-Long","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2010.08.010","article-title":"Estimating transition probabilities in mobility and total costs for Medicare beneficiaries","volume":"91","author":"Hoffman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1923","article-title":"Gait speed and survival in older adults","volume":"305","author":"Studenski","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M221","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/55.4.M221","article-title":"Lower extremity function and subsequent disability: consistency across studies, predictive models, and value of gait speed alone compared with the short physical performance battery","volume":"55","author":"Guralnik","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv126","article-title":"Gait speed predicts incident disability: a pooled analysis","volume":"71","author":"Perera","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.17.2018","article-title":"Association of long-distance corridor walk performance with mortality, cardiovascular disease, mobility limitation, and disability","volume":"295","author":"Newman","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51104.x","article-title":"Physical performance measures in the clinical setting","volume":"51","author":"Studenski","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M85","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/49.2.M85","article-title":"A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission","volume":"49","author":"Guralnik","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Gerontol."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198812293192604","article-title":"Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community","volume":"319","author":"Tinetti","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-015-0061-9","article-title":"What type, or combination of exercise can improve preferred gait speed in older adults? A meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Van Abbema","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.3609","article-title":"Effectiveness of a timing and coordination group exercise program to improve mobility in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"177","author":"Brach","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12506","article-title":"Motor learning versus standard walking exercise in older adults with subclinical gait dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"61","author":"Brach","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glp098","article-title":"A randomized trial of two forms of therapeutic activity to improve walking: effect on the energy cost of walking","volume":"64","author":"VanSwearingen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100391","article-title":"Impact of exercise to improve gait efficiency on activity and participation in older adults with mobility limitations: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"91","author":"VanSwearingen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys Ther."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00701.x","article-title":"Meaningful change and responsiveness in common physical performance measures in older adults","volume":"54","author":"Perera","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1001\/2013.jamainternmed.1077","article-title":"Moderate exercise for improvement in 6-minute walk test performance in stable coronary heart disease","volume":"173","author":"Narotzki","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.7.894","article-title":"Magnitude and patterns of decline in health and function in 1 year affect subsequent 5-year survival","volume":"60","author":"Perera","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01413.x","article-title":"Improvement in usual gait speed predicts better survival in older adults","volume":"55","author":"Hardy","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2016.08.003","article-title":"Stakeholder involvement in the design of a patient-centered comparative effectiveness trial of the \u201cOn the Move\u201d group exercise program in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"50","author":"Brach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215502cr515oa","article-title":"Co-morbidity adjustment for functional outcomes in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"16","author":"Rigler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2009.10.002","article-title":"Meaningful change in measures of gait variability in older adults","volume":"31","author":"Brach","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"issue":"1","key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","article-title":"ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test","volume":"166","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90236-8","article-title":"Mobility-related function in older adults: assessment with a 6-minute walk test","volume":"80","author":"Harada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.2.387","article-title":"The 6-min walk test: a quick measure of functional status in elderly adults","volume":"123","author":"Enright","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chest."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2014.12.006","article-title":"Assessment of an interactive voice response system for identifying falls in a statewide sample of older adults","volume":"71","author":"Albert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev Med."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-014-0466-2","article-title":"Assessing the quality of a non-randomized pragmatic trial for primary prevention of falls among older adults","volume":"16","author":"Albert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev Sci."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e3181649426","article-title":"Risk factors for hospitalization among community-dwelling primary care older patients: development and validation of a predictive model","volume":"46","author":"Inouye","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Care."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2004.07.0087","article-title":"Walking speed predicts health status and hospital costs for frail elderly male veterans","volume":"42","author":"Purser","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2096","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.106.475921","article-title":"Improvements in speed-based gait classifications are meaningful","volume":"38","author":"Schmid","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"issue":"4","key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1123\/japa.6.4.363","article-title":"The reliability and validity of a 6-minute walk test as a measure of physical endurance in older adults","volume":"6","author":"Rikli","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Aging Phys Act."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S1080","article-title":"Falls in the community-dwelling older adult: a review for primary-care providers","volume":"2","author":"Soriano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-010-1543-2","article-title":"Ability to walk \u00bc mile predicts subsequent disability, mortality, and health care costs","volume":"26","author":"Hardy","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"2020120619055461400_CIT0034","author":"Control"}],"container-title":["The Journals of Gerontology: Series A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaa086\/33175653\/glaa086.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article-pdf\/75\/12\/2412\/34290019\/glaa086.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article-pdf\/75\/12\/2412\/34290019\/glaa086.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]],"date-time":"2020-12-07T00:24:31Z","timestamp":1607300671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article\/75\/12\/2412\/5818089"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jay","family":"Magaziner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaa086","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5006","1758-535X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5006","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-535X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,9]]}}}