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This 5-year observational approach included 470 participants from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial, mean age 76.8 years (SD = 4.5), 59.4% women. WL was defined as \u22655% decrease over the first year. Biomarkers were measured at 12 months. Cognitive function was assessed yearly from 12 months onward by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); Clinical Dementia Rating sum of boxes (CDR-SB); a composite score based on Category Naming Test; Digit Symbol Substitution Test; 10 MMSE orientation items (MMSEO) and free and total recall of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding test; and these tests individually. Twenty-seven participants (5.7%) presented WL. In adjusted analyses, combined WL + lower A\u03b2\u200a42\/40 (\u22640.103, lowest quartile) was related with more pronounced 4-year cognitive decline according to CDR-SB (p &amp;lt; .0001) and MMSEO (p = .021), compared with non-WL + higher A\u03b2\u200a42\/40. WL + higher NfL (&amp;gt;94.55 pg\/mL, highest quartile) or progranulin (&amp;gt;38.4 ng\/mL, 3 higher quartiles) were related with higher cognitive decline according to CDR-SB, MMSE, MMSEO, and composite score (all p &amp;lt; .03), compared with non-WL + lower NfL or higher progranulin. Regrouping progranulin quartiles (Q1\u2013Q3 vs Q4) revealed higher cognitive decline among the WL + lower progranulin group compared with non-WL + lower progranulin. In conclusion, 1-year WL was associated with subsequent higher 4-year cognitive decline among older adults presenting low A\u03b2\u200a42\/40 or high NfL. Future studies combining plasma biomarker assessments and body weight surveillance may be useful for identifying people at risk of cognitive impairment. Clinical trial number: NCT00672685.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glac015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,16]],"date-time":"2022-01-16T18:26:12Z","timestamp":1642357572000},"page":"1159-1168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Interactions Between Weight Loss and Plasma Neurodegenerative Markers for Determining Cognitive Decline Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4107-8309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly Virecoulon","family":"Giudici","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse) , Toulouse , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Guyonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse) , Toulouse , 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