{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T09:15:08Z","timestamp":1773738908504,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Policy Research Institute"},{"name":"Forestry and Fisheries of Japan"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014475","name":"Pfizer Health Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014475","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["16H03249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H03249"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["17K19794"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K19794"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["18K10829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K10829"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["18K07597"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K07597"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["19H03910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H03910"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["19H04879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H04879"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["19K14029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K14029"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["19K10639"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K10639"]}]},{"name":"Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["20K19580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K19580"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Low socioeconomic position (SEP) has been linked to an increased risk of dementia. However, little is known about the association between SEP trajectory and regional brain volumes related to dementia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A random sample of community-dwelling older adults (n = 428, age = 73.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.5) living in Tokamachi City (Niigata Prefecture, Japan) without medical histories of dementia, Parkinson\u2019s disease, and depression who underwent automated assessment of brain volumes on magnetic resonance imaging and responded to a self-administered questionnaire survey in 2017. We measured SEP in childhood (household SEP at age 15), young adulthood (education), mid-adulthood (the longest occupation), and late adulthood (current wealth), and further performed group-based trajectory analysis to identify lifetime trajectory patterns on SEP. Multivariate regression models were employed to investigate the association between SEP trajectories and 4 regional brain volumes related to the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (ie, entorhinal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and the parahippocampus), the most common type of dementia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We found 3 distinct SEP trajectories (stable middle class [68%], downward [23%], and upward [9%]). Compared to those who experienced stable middle class, older adults who experienced the upward SEP mobility had significantly larger hippocampus (\u03b2: 213.2, 95% confidence interval: 14.7, 411.8). On the other hand, older adults who experienced downward SEP mobility showed no significant differences in any of the 4 brain structural volumes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings indicate that upward life-course SEP mobility is associated with larger volumes of hippocampus in old age. SEP trajectory may offer us a useful lens to enhance our understanding of the etiology of dementia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glad269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T12:35:24Z","timestamp":1701434124000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Association Between Trajectory of Socioeconomic Position and Regional Brain Volumes Related to Dementia: Results From the NEIGE Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9764-6067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayako","family":"Morita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1074-3954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeo","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2991-7763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Machida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University , Tokyo , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yugo","family":"Shobugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Active Ageing (donated by Tokamachi City, Niigata, Japan), Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences , Niigata , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0001","first-page":"327","article-title":"2021 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Assoc","author":"The Alzheimer\u2019s Association","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0002","first-page":"413","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission","volume-title":"Lancet.","author":"Livingston","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0003","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Social class and the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prospective longitudinal studies","volume-title":"Scand J Public Healt.","author":"Bodryzlova","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0004","first-page":"101045","article-title":"Prevention of dementia in an ageing world: evidence and biological rationale","volume-title":"Ageing Res Rev.","author":"Grande","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0005","first-page":"124","article-title":"Brain reserve, cognitive reserve, compensation, and maintenance: operationalization, validity, and mechanisms of cognitive resilience","volume-title":"Neurobiol Aging.","author":"Stern","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0006","first-page":"1305","article-title":"Whitepaper: defining and investigating cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and brain maintenance","volume-title":"Alzheimers Dement","author":"Stern","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024042411510423100_CIT0007","first-page":"51","article-title":"What can volumes reveal about human brain evolution? 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