{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:37:10Z","timestamp":1784893030787,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011011","name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011011","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020636","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n y Formaci\u00f3n Profesional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22CO1\/012259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22CO1\/012259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020636","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n y Formaci\u00f3n Profesional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22CO1\/009662"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22CO1\/009662"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Frailty is associated with urinary and fecal incontinence, which are common geriatric syndromes. This study aims to identify health factors associated with incontinence in prefrail or frail older adults living in the community.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This multicenter cross-sectional study included 225 older adults (75.0\u2005\u00b1\u20056.4 years) with prefrailty or frailty based on the 5-component Fried phenotype. Physical function was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Physical activity, inactivity, and sleep were estimated using a wrist-worn accelerometer. Urinary or fecal incontinence was registered using the Barthel scale (urine and bowel items). Multivariable logistic regression analyses, with age as a covariate, were conducted to identify associations of incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In our participants, 27% presented urinary or fecal incontinence with no sex differences (p\u2005=\u2005.266). Our results showed that age, daily medication count, and number of falls in the previous year independently predicted incontinence in frail and prefrail older adults (p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Some Fried\u2019s criteria, including self-reported exhaustion, gait speed, and handgrip strength, were associated with the presence of incontinence (p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05), but not Fried\u2019s classification. The SPPB total score and its isolated variables were significantly associated with the urinary and fecal incontinence (p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). However, none of the accelerometer outcomes showed significant associations with incontinence status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>According to this study, age, number of medications, and falls (but not sex) are linked to urinary and fecal incontinence in frail or prefrail older adults living in the community, recommending the assessment of physical function using the SPPB rather than estimating daily physical activity, inactivity, or sleep.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glae072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T14:14:06Z","timestamp":1709561646000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Predictors of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence in Prefrail and Frail Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of the FRAGSALUD Project"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6574-9827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Corral-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00e1diz (INiBICA), Universidad de C\u00e1diz , C\u00e1diz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"\u00c1vila-Cabeza-de-Vaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00e1diz (INiBICA), Universidad de C\u00e1diz , C\u00e1diz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Valero-Cantero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Puerta Blanca Clinical Management Unit, Malaga-Guadalhorce Health District , M\u00e1laga , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Mariscal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00e1diz (INiBICA), Universidad de C\u00e1diz , C\u00e1diz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesus G","family":"Ponce-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00e1diz (INiBICA), Universidad de C\u00e1diz , C\u00e1diz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda \u00c1ngeles","family":"V\u00e1zquez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, PASOS Research Group, University of M\u00e1laga , M\u00e1laga , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6992-0492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Casals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de C\u00e1diz (INiBICA), Universidad de C\u00e1diz , C\u00e1diz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0001","first-page":"57","article-title":"Longevity leap: Mind the healthspan gap","volume-title":"NPJ Regen Med","author":"Garmany","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0002","first-page":"453","article-title":"Geriatric physiology and the frailty syndrome","volume-title":"Anesthesiol Clin.","author":"Khan","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0003","first-page":"1629","article-title":"Approaches to the diagnosis and prevention of frailty","volume-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res.","author":"Woolford","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0004","first-page":"1365","article-title":"Frailty: Implications for clinical practice and public health","volume-title":"Lancet.","author":"Hoogendijk","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0005","first-page":"M146","article-title":"Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype","volume-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci.","author":"Fried","year":"2001"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0006","first-page":"592","article-title":"Physical function and frailty for predicting adverse outcomes in older primary care patients","volume-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil.","author":"O\u2019Hoski","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0007","first-page":"209","article-title":"Performance of the Short Physical Performance Battery in identifying the frailty phenotype and predicting geriatric syndromes in community-dwelling elderly","volume-title":"J Nutr Health Aging.","author":"Ram\u00edrez-V\u00e9lez","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0008","first-page":"29","article-title":"The impact of physical activity and sedentary behaviors on frailty levels","volume-title":"Mech Ageing Dev.","author":"Kehler","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0009","first-page":"1432","article-title":"The relationship between frailty and polypharmacy in older people: A systematic review","volume-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol.","author":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Valencia","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0010","first-page":"38","article-title":"Incontinence in frail elderly persons: Report of the 6th International Consultation on Incontinence","volume-title":"Neurourol Urodyn.","author":"Gibson","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0011","first-page":"571","article-title":"Association between urinary incontinence and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume-title":"Eur Geriatr Med","author":"Veronese","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0012","first-page":"6","article-title":"Aging, disability and frailty","volume-title":"Ann Nutr Metab.","author":"Topinkov\u00e1","year":"2008"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0013","first-page":"S14","article-title":"An overview of urinary incontinence","volume-title":"Br J Nurs.","author":"Bardsley","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0014","first-page":"194","article-title":"Potentially reversible risk factors and urinary incontinence in frail older people living in community","volume-title":"Age Ageing.","author":"Landi","year":"2003"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0015","first-page":"106","article-title":"Urinary incontinence and sleep complaints in community dwelling older adults","volume-title":"Sleep Sci.","author":"Nazaripanah","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0016","first-page":"65","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Barthel index used at intensive care unit discharge","volume-title":"Am J Crit Care.","author":"Dos Reis","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0017","first-page":"489","article-title":"Psychometric characteristics of the Spanish version of the Barthel Index","volume-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res.","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0018","first-page":"495","article-title":"Validaci\u00f3n de una versi\u00f3n reducida en espa\u00f1ol del cuestionario de actividad f\u00edsica en el tiempo libre de Minnesota (VREM) [Validation of a Spanish Short Version of the Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (VREM)]","volume-title":"Rev Esp Salud Publica.","author":"Ruiz Comellas","year":"2012"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0019","first-page":"215","article-title":"Short Physical Performance Battery and all-cause mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume-title":"BMC Med.","author":"Pavasini","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0020","first-page":"738","article-title":"Autocalibration of accelerometer data for free-living physical activity assessment using local gravity and temperature: An evaluation on four continents","volume-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)","author":"van Hees","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0021","first-page":"1270","article-title":"Evaluation of wrist and hip sedentary behaviour and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity raw acceleration cutpoints in older adults","volume-title":"J Sports Sci.","author":"Sanders","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0022","first-page":"e0252615","article-title":"Generation and validation of ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer cut-points for assessing physical activity intensity in older adults. The OUTDOOR ACTIVE validation study","volume-title":"PLoS One.","author":"Bammann","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0023","first-page":"12975","article-title":"Estimating sleep parameters using an accelerometer without sleep diary","volume-title":"Sci Rep.","author":"van Hees","year":"2018"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0024","first-page":"3216","article-title":"Irregular sleep\/wake patterns are associated with poorer academic performance and delayed circadian and sleep\/wake timing","volume-title":"Sci Rep.","author":"Phillips","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0025","first-page":"111","article-title":"Urinary incontinence and its association with frailty among men aged 80 years or older in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study","volume-title":"Rejuvenation Res.","author":"Wang","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0026","first-page":"377","article-title":"Prevalence of female urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life in a cluster population in the United Kingdom (UK): A community survey","volume-title":"Prim Health Care Res Dev.","author":"Cooper","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0027","first-page":"712","article-title":"Global prevalence of fecal incontinence in community-dwelling adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.","author":"Mack","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0028","first-page":"217","article-title":"The prevalence of urinary incontinence","volume-title":"Climacteric","author":"Milsom","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0029","first-page":"1232460","article-title":"Health factors associated with cognitive frailty in older adults living in the community","volume-title":"Front Aging Neurosci.","author":"Corral-P\u00e9rez","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0030","first-page":"1392","article-title":"Older age and steroid use are associated with increasing polypharmacy and potential medication interactions among patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis.","author":"Parian","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0031","first-page":"165","article-title":"Relationship between the type of urinary incontinence and falls among frail elderly women in Japan","volume-title":"J Med Invest.","author":"Takazawa","year":"2005"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0032","first-page":"89","article-title":"Urinary incontinence is associated with an increase in falls: A systematic review","volume-title":"Aust J Physiother.","author":"Chiarelli","year":"2009"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0033","first-page":"1025","article-title":"Characterizing the functional decline of older women with incident urinary incontinence","volume-title":"Obstet Gynecol.","author":"Parker-Autry","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0034","first-page":"64","article-title":"Bowel and bladder and physical function decline in women","volume-title":"Curr Geriatr Rep","author":"Hassani","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0035","first-page":"1267666","article-title":"Effects of an educational intervention on frailty status, physical function, physical activity, sleep patterns, and nutritional status of older adults with frailty or pre-frailty: The FRAGSALUD study","volume-title":"Front Public Health.","author":"Casals","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0036","first-page":"2815","article-title":"Characterizing the physical function decline and disabilities present among older adults with fecal incontinence: A secondary analysis of the health, aging, and body composition study","volume-title":"Int Urogynecol J","author":"Parker-Autry","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0037","first-page":"135","article-title":"Female urinary incontinence: Effective treatment strategies","volume-title":"Climacteric","author":"Castro","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0038","first-page":"661","article-title":"Adult male stress and urge urinary incontinence\u2014a review of pathophysiology and treatment strategies for voiding dysfunction in men","volume":"46","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician."},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0039","first-page":"935","article-title":"Do levels of self-efficacy affect urinary incontinence, falls, quality of life, sleep, and physical activity in elderly people with urinary incontinence","volume-title":"Ir J Med Sci.","author":"Ba\u015fer Se\u00e7er","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0040","first-page":"868","article-title":"Association between physical activity and urinary incontinence in a community-based elderly population aged 70 years and over","volume-title":"Eur Urol.","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2007"},{"key":"2024050612163666900_CIT0041","first-page":"543","article-title":"The psychosocial effects of frailty on women","volume-title":"Clin Geriatr Med.","author":"Whitesides","year":"2021"}],"container-title":["The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/gerona\/glae072\/56826746\/glae072.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article-pdf\/79\/6\/glae072\/57417492\/glae072.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article-pdf\/79\/6\/glae072\/57417492\/glae072.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T12:16:42Z","timestamp":1714997802000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/biomedgerontology\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/gerona\/glae072\/7618533"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Lewis A","family":"Lipsitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"(Medical Sciences Section)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/glae072","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5006","1758-535X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5006","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-535X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"article-number":"glae072"}}