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Heart function was monitored longitudinally, and the exercise performance was determined at the end of the study. We found that the GlyNAC diet was beneficial for old male but not old female mice, leading to an increase of Ndufb8 expression (a subunit of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex), and higher enzymatic activity for CPT1b and CrAT, 2 carnitine acyltransferases that are critical to cardiomyocyte metabolism. Although no quantifiable change of collagen turnover was detected, hearts from GlyNAC-fed old males exhibited a slight but significant enrichment in Fmod, a protein that can inhibit collagen fibril formation, possibly reducing extracellular matrix stiffness and thus improving diastolic function. Cardiac diastolic function was modestly improved in males but not females, and surprisingly GlyNAC-fed female mice showed a decline in exercise performance. In summary, our work supports the concept that aged male and female hearts are phenotypically different. These basic differences may affect the response to pharmacological and diet interventions, including antioxidants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glae258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T08:31:16Z","timestamp":1730709076000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sex Differences in Response to Diet Enriched With Glutathione Precursors in the Aging Heart"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5339-5315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aude","family":"Angelini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Houston Methodist Research Institute , Houston, Texas ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, Texas 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