{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:03:06Z","timestamp":1791277386476,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54AG063546"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54AG063546"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Long COVID incidence and risk factors in older adults need to be better characterized to identify risk mitigation strategies. Our aim was to quantify the incidence of Long COVID in a population-based sample of older adults and to describe the association between COVID-19 vaccination and Long COVID risk.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This cohort study included Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries\u2005\u2265\u200566 years diagnosed with COVID-19 between October 1, 2021, and March 31, 2023 (index date). Long COVID diagnoses were identified from Medicare Part A-B claims based on ICD-10-CM code U09.9. We measured the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered prior to the index date using Medicare Part B claims and pharmacy records. Kaplan\u2013Meier estimators, Cox proportional hazards, and Fine\u2013Grey regression models were used to estimate the 1-year cumulative incidence and relative rate of Long COVID.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 3\u2009588\u2009671 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with COVID-19. Overall, 3.89% of beneficiaries were diagnosed with Long COVID over 1 year. A gradient in the 1-year cumulative incidence of Long COVID was observed according to the number of prior COVID-19 vaccine doses. Beneficiaries with 4 or more COVID-19 vaccine doses had a 39% lower adjusted rate of Long COVID relative to beneficiaries without a prior dose (adjusted hazard ratio\u2005=\u20050.61, 95% CI\u2005=\u20050.60\u20130.62).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Long COVID diagnoses in Medicare claims were common in a large sample of older adults with COVID-19, and we observed a gradient in Long COVID risk across the number of prior COVID-19 vaccine doses. Promoting continued vaccination may be an effective strategy to mitigate the burden of Long COVID in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaf108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T08:43:42Z","timestamp":1747298622000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Incidence of Long COVID Diagnoses in 3.6 Million U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries With COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Yasin","family":"Abul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, Providence VA Medical Center , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel 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Island,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1673-4570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew R","family":"Zullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, Providence VA Medical Center , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Mor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, Providence VA Medical Center , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Gravenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Innovation in Long Term Services and Supports, Providence VA Medical Center , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2025062622194902800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e849","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00245-8","article-title":"Long COVID and older people","volume":"3","author":"Mansell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy 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