{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T19:18:33Z","timestamp":1784402313751,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of New South Wales Ageing Futures Institute Seed"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP230100303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP230100303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older people often fall due to trips and slips in daily life. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of trip- and slip-hazard avoidance while walking through an immersive virtual reality suburban footpath.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-six participants (71.8\u2009\u00b1\u20094.7 [65-84] years) wore an immersive head-mounted display (Oculus Rift S) and safety harness while walking on a split-belt treadmill (M-Gait). Participants walked on a virtual footpath while avoiding hazards including raised concrete slabs (trips) and puddles (slips) and as a secondary task collected apples. Foot-hazard contacts resulted in treadmill belt accelerations\/decelerations to evoke balance loss. Hazard contact rates and gait kinematics were measured using Vicon motion capture.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants contacted more trip-hazards (63.1%) than slip-hazards (22.2%; p\u2009&amp;lt;.001). Trip-hazards were more frequently collided with by the trailing foot (56.9%) compared to the leading foot (16.7%; p\u2009&amp;lt;.001). Trailing foot contact with both trip- and slip-hazards resulted in significant changes in extrapolated Centre of Mass (XCoM) and Margin of Stability (MoS) (p\u2009&amp;lt;.05). Following trailing foot contacting trip-hazards, participants compensated effectively by increasing MoS, whereas contacting slip-hazards reduced MoS, indicating a higher risk of losing balance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On a virtual suburban footpath, older adults often collided with trip-hazards with their trailing foot, which was typically beyond their visual field, while slip-hazards more commonly involved the leading foot. These insights can support\u00a0the development of fall prevention programs that better mirror\u00a0everyday walking challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glag047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T12:23:35Z","timestamp":1771244615000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Avoiding trip- and slip-hazards in suburban footpaths by older adults: an immersive virtual reality experiment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Yixuan","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia , Sydney, New South Wales,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"School of Population Health, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South 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