{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:00:25Z","timestamp":1790492425712,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006070","name":"University of the Andes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Many low- and middle-income countries have introduced social pensions to alleviate extreme poverty and improve the well-being of older individuals. However, evidence remains inconclusive about the potential effects of such programs on mental health, social, and health behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data for individuals aged 60 or older came from the nationally representative Encuesta Nacional de Salud, Bienestar y Envejeciamiento survey in Colombia 2015 (N = 9,456). We used propensity score matching to estimate the association between the country\u2019s social pension program (Colombia Mayor) with depression, self-rated health, food insecurity, alcohol consumption, social participation, and labor force participation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Results show that receiving the program does not significantly affect the likelihood of suffering from depression or self-rated health among either men or women. However, receiving the program is associated with significant reductions in the likelihood of experiencing food insecurity and significant increases in the likelihood of participating socially. Among women, receiving the program is associated with significant reduction in the likelihood of participating in the labor force.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The absence of a measurable effect on depression and self-rated health may be explained, at least partly, by the program\u2019s comparatively small cash benefit and the sharing of resources with other family members. Policymakers should assess possibilities to maximize the health and social benefits of social pensions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T20:12:17Z","timestamp":1604088737000},"page":"968-973","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association Between Social Pensions With Depression, Social, and Health Behaviors Among Poor Older Individuals in Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8754-5710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Hessel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberto Lleras Camargo School of Government, University of the Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina Mar\u00eda","family":"Bermeo L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberto Lleras Camargo School of Government, University of the Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Cristina","family":"L\u00f3pez Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberto Lleras Camargo School of Government, University of the Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Ham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberto Lleras Camargo School of Government, University of the Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Pinilla-Roncancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of the Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of the Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414453112","article-title":"Effects of income supplementation on health of the poor elderly: The case of Mexico","volume":"112","author":"Aguila","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0206792","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206792","article-title":"Non-contributory pension programs and frailty of older adults: Evidence from Mexico","volume":"13","author":"Aguila","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113139","article-title":"Supplemental income program design: A cluster-randomized controlled trial to examine the health and wellbeing effects on older adults by gender, duration, and payment frequency","volume":"259","author":"Aguila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.so.18.080192.000311","article-title":"Social stress: Theory and research","volume":"18","author":"Aneshensel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12267","article-title":"Basic old-age protection in Latin America: Noncontributory pensions, coverage expansion strategies, and aging patterns across countries","volume":"45","author":"Arza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Population and Development Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4314\/afrrev.v14i1.1","article-title":"Reducing old age vulnerabilities in developing countries: The role of income-support on poor older people\u2019s health","volume":"14","author":"Awojobi","year":"2020","journal-title":"African Research Review"},{"key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0007","first-page":"73","article-title":"Social pensions in low-income countries.","volume-title":"Closing the coverage gap: Role of social pensions and other retirement income transfers","author":"Barrientos","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2014.07.011","article-title":"Social transfers and child protection in the South","volume":"47","author":"Barrientos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Children and Youth Services Review"},{"key":"2021042312542391600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.12.004","article-title":"Does money relieve depression? 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