{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T15:48:33Z","timestamp":1784562513125,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIAU01AG009740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIAU01AG009740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG053297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG053297"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG068093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG068093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigates the association between childhood socioeconomic status (cSES) and risk of cognitive impairment in older adulthood, and whether the Five-Factor Model personality traits mediated this association.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A sample of 9,995 participants (mean age = 67.01 years) from the Health and Retirement Study were followed up every 2 years from 2006 to 2018. cSES was tested as a predictor of risk of dementia and risk of cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND). Personality was tested as a mediator of these associations. Models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, race, education, and baseline year.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although effect sizes were modest, results indicated that lower cSES was associated with a higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio = 0.88 [0.775\u20130.985]). Higher cSES was also associated with higher conscientiousness and lower neuroticism. Conscientiousness and neuroticism each accounted for 7.9% of the total effect of cSES on dementia. Results were similar for CIND.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Early childhood socioeconomic factors may contribute to cognitive impairment in older adulthood, an association mediated, in part, through adult personality traits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbab159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T16:20:53Z","timestamp":1630340453000},"page":"850-859","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Pathways From Early-Life SES to Dementia Risk in Old Age: The Role of Personality"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Amanda A","family":"Sesker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1raic S","family":"O\u2019S\u00failleabh\u00e1in","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damaris","family":"Aschwanden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7370-8443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Luchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Stephan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Euromov, University of Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5799-8885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Terracciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelina R","family":"Sutin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022050521253742500_CIT0001","volume-title":"Survival analysis using SAS: A practical guide","author":"Allison","year":"2010"},{"key":"2022050521253742500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101269","article-title":"Is personality associated with dementia risk? 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