{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:16:44Z","timestamp":1791487004250,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"Next Generation EU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The National Recovery and Resilience Plan, Investment Partenariato Esteso PE8"},{"name":"Ageing Well in an Ageing Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The process of population aging characterizing Italian society will lead to a greater demand for long-term care (LTC) services, while simultaneously reducing the availability of caregivers. Spoke 5 activities develop interdisciplinary solutions to meet the challenges and seize the opportunities that emerge from this transformation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The article summarizes the outputs from Spoke 5 of the Age-It research program, highlighting their implications for practitioners and policymakers. The research activities contribute to: (a) mapping care needs and resources; (b) developing innovative digital tools to monitor caregivers\u2019 well-being and support them; (c) advancing integrative planning for age-friendly environments; (d) developing e-learning platforms addressing caregivers\u2019 needs; (e) identifying existing policy shortcomings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spoke 5 developed an index of LTC risks that measures the balance between the demand and the potential supply of care at the municipal level; critical areas only partially overlap with traditional socioeconomic cleavages. The analysis of informal care distribution reveals that high socioeconomic status (SES) individuals outsource more demanding caregiving tasks, whereas low-SES families face high-intensity care demands. Innovative digital tools and e-learning platforms are presented. The analysis of policies supporting Italian informal caregivers indicates that they are characterized by a significant geographical and institutional fragmentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The progression of macro sociodemographic trends has pushed Italy\u2019s existing \u201ccare equilibrium\u201d to its limits; innovative solutions are needed. Adopting a multidimensional and multidisciplinary approach, focusing on the goal of supporting caregivers\u2019 well-being and training, and overcoming policy fragmentation are key to creating an LTC system that is socially and economically sustainable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaf193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T12:40:00Z","timestamp":1760445600000},"page":"S158-S168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Caring in the XXI century: the sustainability of long-term care in aging societies\u2014mapping challenges and developing solutions within the Age-It Research Program"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0344-3002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Albertini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Bologna , Bologna,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2819-7779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Tomassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, University of Molise , Campobasso,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7056-0543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Bandini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milano,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics\u2014School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3889-2839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabih","family":"Chattat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Bologna , Bologna,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0809-2988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Domenicali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna , Bologna,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9278-9544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Lamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRCA IRCCS\u2014National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing , Ancona,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6351-4277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Meli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian National Statistics Office (Istat) , Rome,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5944-4341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Health Sciences \u201cV. 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