{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T17:11:30Z","timestamp":1790010690261,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG030153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG030153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Environmental exposures are modifiable risk factors for accelerated aging, but research is frequently limited to individual countries due to inconsistent exposure assessment. Cross-national data provide broader perspectives but add methodological complexities. This study evaluated spatial and temporal patterns of 5 environmental measures assigned to older adult pseudopopulations in 8 countries to highlight opportunities and challenges for aging epidemiologic studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Through the Gateway to Global Aging Data project, we harmonized measures of air pollution (PM2.5, NO2, O3) and natural spaces (greenspace, blue space) for longitudinal aging cohorts in Brazil, Chile, England, India, Ireland, Mexico, Northern Ireland, and the United States. Global exposure data (1990\u20132021) derived from satellite observations, spatiotemporal models, and deterministic simulations were linked to 10,000 population-weighted points representing adults &amp;gt;50\u2009years per country. We characterized urbanicity and area-level deprivation and examined spatial\/temporal patterns to inform environmental aging research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure levels and variability differed within and between countries. Greenspace and NO2 exhibited high within-country variation (200% higher within-country vs between-country standard deviations), whereas PM2.5 and O3 had larger across-country differences (300% higher between-country than within-country standard deviation). Temporal trends were generally consistent across countries, though unique patterns emerged (e.g., increasing PM2.5 and O3 levels in India and a radical drop in greenspace in Chile). Correlations were most consistent between NO2, greenspace, and area-level deprivation, though they varied (0.1 to 0.7).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Harmonized measures facilitate cross-country comparisons of environmental exposures but require careful consideration of confounding by place and time and differential measurement to ensure robust inferences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaf253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T13:05:15Z","timestamp":1765458315000},"page":"S64-S75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sharing common measures of the environment across continents: challenges and opportunities for global studies of aging"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3615-6488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nia","family":"Clements","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Taggart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9423-2704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayleigh P","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Francois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Studies Center, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudios Longitudinales, Universidad Catolica de Chile , Santiago,","place":["Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekta","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health, Queen\u2019s University Belfast , Belfast,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Nolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Economic and Social Research Institute , Dublin,","place":["Ireland"]},{"name":"Department of Economics, Trinity College , Dublin,","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9005-3872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith","family":"Pedde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna S","family":"Valson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Public Health, Queen\u2019s University Belfast , Belfast,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3036-0499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Zaninotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London , London,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6209-719X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinkook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Economics, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara D","family":"Adar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107003","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP2966","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of long-term air pollution levels and blood pressure: A cautionary tale from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis","volume":"126","author":"Adar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00025","DOI":"10.1525\/elementa.2023.00025","article-title":"Using regionalized air quality model performance and Bayesian Maximum Entropy data fusion to map global surface ozone concentration","volume":"11","author":"Becker","year":"2023","journal-title":"Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101266","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(25)00118-4","article-title":"Long-term air pollution exposure and incident dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Best Rogowski","year":"2025","journal-title":"The Lancet. Planetary Health"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11274-8","article-title":"Air pollution and health","volume":"360","author":"Brunekreef","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B5","volume-title":"Documentation for the Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4), Revision 11","author":"Center for International Earth Science Information Network","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7927\/3XXE-AP97","volume-title":"Global Gridded Relative Deprivation Index (GRDI), Version 1 (Version 1.00) [Data set]","author":"Center for International Earth Science Information Network","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e318183a491","article-title":"Individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status characteristics and prevalence of metabolic syndrome: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study","volume":"70","author":"Chichlowska","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-071823-105338","article-title":"Global burden of disease from environmental factors","volume":"46","author":"Clark","year":"2025","journal-title":"Annual Review of Public Health"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5067\/modis\/mod13q1.061","volume-title":"MODIS\/Terra Vegetation Indices 16-Day L3 Global 250m SIN Grid V061 [Data set]","author":"Didan","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200107123450205","article-title":"Neighborhood of residence and incidence of coronary heart disease","volume":"345","author":"Diez Roux","year":"2001","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25553\/3KNJ-T637","volume-title":"Environmental Exposome Data for the Health and Retirement Study International Network of Studies: A User Guide, v1.0 [Report]","author":"D\u2019Souza","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B12","author":"Earth Information Center","year":"."},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62114-0","article-title":"Mortality risk attributable to high and low ambient temperature: A multicountry observational study","volume":"386","author":"Gasparrini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B14","author":"Gateway to Global Aging Data","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B15","author":"Global Forest Watch","year":"."},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-025-00844-y","article-title":"A systematic review with a Burden of Proof meta-analysis of health effects of long-term ambient fine particular pattern (PM2.5) exposure on dementia","volume":"5","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature Aging"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/rssa.12556","article-title":"Selecting a scale for spatial confounding adjustment","volume":"183","author":"Keller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society)"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3390\/rs9010036","article-title":"Compilation and validation of SAR and optical data products for a complete and global map of inland\/ocean water tailored to the climate modeling community","volume":"9","author":"Lamarche","year":"2017","journal-title":"Remote Sensing"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125979","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2023.1125979","article-title":"A global spatial-temporal land use regression model for nitrogen dioxide air pollution","volume":"11","author":"Larkin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Environmental Science"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.06.028","article-title":"Exploring pathways linking greenspace to health: Theoretical and methodological guidance","volume":"158","author":"Markevych","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environmental Research"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23853-y","article-title":"Source sector and fuel contributions to ambient PM2.5 and attributable mortality across multiple spatial scales","volume":"12","author":"McDuffie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054409","article-title":"Long-term exposure to air pollution and incidence of cardiovascular events in women","volume":"356","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B23","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70028","DOI":"10.1002\/env.70028","article-title":"Semiparametric approaches for mitigating spatial confounding in large environmental epidemiology cohort studies","volume":"36","author":"Rainey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environmetrics"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390600884644","article-title":"Health effects associated with exposure to ambient air pollution","volume":"70","author":"Samet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2905\/a0df7a6f-49de-46ea-9bde-563437a6e2ba","volume-title":"GHS-SMOD R2023A\u2014GHS settlement layers, application of the Degree of Urbanisation methodology (stage I) to GHS-POP R2023A and GHS-BUILT-S R2023A, multitemporal (1975-2030)","author":"Schiavina","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-082516-012750","article-title":"Toward greater implementation of the exposome research paradigm within environmental epidemiology","volume":"38","author":"Stingone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annual Review of Public Health"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-082516-012802","article-title":"Assessing the exposome with external measures: Commentary on the state of the science and research recommendations","volume":"38","author":"Turner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annual Review of Public Health"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B29","volume-title":"World population prospects (2024) [Data set]","author":"United Nations World Population Prospects","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B30","volume-title":"Integrated science assessment (ISA) for particulate matter (EPA\/600\/R-19\/188)","author":"United States Environmental Protection Agency","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15287","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c05309","article-title":"Monthly global estimates of fine particulate matter and their uncertainty","volume":"55","author":"van Donkelaar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environmental Science & Technology"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dyaf163","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaf163","article-title":"Confounding mechanisms and adjustment strategies in air pollution epidemiology: A case study assessment with the UK Biobank cohort","volume":"54","author":"Vanoli","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117458","article-title":"Association of urban green and blue space with accelerated ageing: A cohort study in the UK Biobank","volume":"290","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B34","author":"World Bank","year":"."},{"key":"2026022405514399000_gbaf253-B35","volume-title":"Urban and rural population [Data set]","author":"World Bank","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/psychsocgerontology\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbaf253\/66419874\/gbaf253.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/psychsocgerontology\/article-pdf\/81\/Supplement_1\/S64\/66419874\/gbaf253.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/psychsocgerontology\/article-pdf\/81\/Supplement_1\/S64\/66419874\/gbaf253.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T10:51:51Z","timestamp":1771930311000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/psychsocgerontology\/article\/81\/Supplement_1\/S64\/8426196"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Supplement_1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbaf253","relation":{},"ISSN":["1079-5014","1758-5368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1079-5014","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]}}}