{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T10:35:51Z","timestamp":1791714951150,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]],"date-time":"2019-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Strategic Public Policy Research","award":["HKIEd1001-SPPR-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HKIEd1001-SPPR-08"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the longer-term effects of benefit-finding on caregivers\u2019 depressive symptoms (primary outcome), and global burden, role overload, psychological well-being, and positive aspects of caregiving (secondary outcomes).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ninety-six Hong Kong Chinese caregivers of relatives with Alzheimer\u2019s disease were randomly assigned to receive the benefit-finding intervention (BFT) or one of the two control conditions, namely, simplified psychoeducation (lectures only; SIM-PE) or standard psychoeducation (STD-PE). Caregivers received four biweekly one-to-one interventions of 3 hours each at their own homes. We focused on outcomes measured at 4- and 10-month follow-ups. The trajectories of intervention effects were modeled by BFT \u00d7 time and BFT \u00d7 time2 interaction terms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mixed-effects regression showed significant BFT \u00d7 time2 interaction effects on depressive symptoms against both control conditions, suggesting diminishing BFT effects over time. Z tests showed that, compared with controls, BFT participants reported substantial reductions in depressive symptoms at 4-month follow-up (d = \u22120.85 and \u22120.75 vs. SIM-PE and STD-PE, respectively). For depressive symptoms measured at 10-month follow-up, BFT was indistinguishable from STD-PE, whereas a moderate effect was observed in comparison with SIM-PE (d = \u22120.52). Moreover, positive aspects of caregiving, but not other secondary outcomes, continued to show intervention effect up to 10-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Benefit-finding is an efficacious intervention for depressive symptoms in Alzheimer caregivers, with strong effects in the medium-term post-intervention and possible moderate effects in the longer-term post-intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbz118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T11:35:22Z","timestamp":1568806522000},"page":"1884-1893","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Benefit-Finding Intervention Delivered Individually to Alzheimer Family Caregivers: Longer-Term Outcomes of a Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2923-4217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheung-Tak","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, UK"},{"name":"Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily P M","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Kwok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1310-8750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helene","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda C W","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020101611445966800_CIT0001","volume-title":"World Alzheimer report 2015 \u2013 The global impact of dementia: An analysis of prevalence, incidence, cost and trends","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease International","year":"2015"},{"key":"2020101611445966800_CIT0002","volume-title":"Cognitive therapy of 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