{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:13:38Z","timestamp":1792455218325,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12A1-CGGP06-051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12A1-CGGP06-051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Work occupies a significant portion of adult life, and work conditions are associated with health among workers. This study examined the association between work conditions and mortality, heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis or osteoporotic fracture, and frailty in later life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included a cohort of 4,192 community-dwelling adults \u226555 years old. A matrix of work conditions by occupation was constructed using a representative national survey in Taiwan. Psychosocial work conditions were assessed using the Job Content Questionnaire, focusing on job control and psychological demands. Mortality and physical morbidity were identified through physician diagnoses recorded in the National Health Insurance Database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During 10 years of follow-up, 25.0% of the participants died, and 14.2% were diagnosed with heart disease, 17.6% with stroke, 19.4% with osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures, and 48.66% with frailty. After adjusting for confounding factors, high-skill-discretion jobs (vs low) were associated with a 0.84-fold hazard of mortality (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73\u20130.97), a 0.60-fold hazard of hemorrhagic stroke (95% CI: 0.40\u20130.90), a 0.79-fold lower hazard of heart disease (95% CI: 0.64\u20130.97), and a lower multimorbidity frailty index (95% CI: \u22127.75 to \u22122.49). Additionally, high psychological demands (vs low) were associated with a 0.85-fold risk of mortality (95% CI: 0.75\u20130.97) and osteoporosis or osteoporotic fractures (95% CI: 0.73\u20130.99).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High skill utilization and psychological demands were associated with reduced risks of mortality and morbidity in later life. Decent working conditions constitute a modifiable factor that supports healthy aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaf142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:10:49Z","timestamp":1765545049000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Work conditions are associated with physical health in later life: a longitudinal cohort study in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4510-7584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wan-Ju","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes , Huwei, Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University and Hospital , Taichung,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Shin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes , Huwei, Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch , Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen-Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes , Huwei, Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch , Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9853-872X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shau-Huai","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch , Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Cheng","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan, Miaoli County,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Chieh","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes , Huwei, Yunlin County,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.08.034","article-title":"Differential associations of job control components with both waist circumference and body mass index","volume":"143","author":"Bean","year":"2015","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.4180","article-title":"Fifty years of research on psychosocial working conditions and health: From promise to practice","volume":"50","author":"Boot","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-015-0456-4","article-title":"Evidence of perceived psychosocial stress as a risk factor for stroke in adults: A meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Booth","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Neurology"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Chronic Diseases"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6025","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006025","article-title":"Healthy lifestyle and normal waist circumference are associated with a lower 5-year risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly individuals: Results from the healthy aging longitudinal study in Taiwan (HALST)","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2018.08.001","article-title":"Secular trends in incidence of osteoporosis in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based study","volume":"41","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedical Journal"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2004.11.039","article-title":"Job insecurity and its association with health among employees in the Taiwanese general population","volume":"61","author":"Cheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327558ijbm1001_02","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Job Content Questionnaire in Taiwanese workers","volume":"10","author":"Cheng","year":"2003","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22215-3","article-title":"Influence of pension availability on the association between work conditions and labor market exit for health reasons: Evidence from a Taiwanese older adults cohort","volume":"25","author":"Chiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3993","article-title":"Physical activity at work may not be health enhancing. A systematic review with meta-analysis on the association between occupational physical activity and cardiovascular disease mortality covering 23 studies with 655 892 participants","volume":"48","author":"Cillekens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11220","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111220","article-title":"Occupational and leisure-time physical activity related to job stress and job satisfaction: Correspondence analysis on a population-based study","volume":"18","author":"de-Pedro-Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857316","DOI":"10.3389\/fepid.2022.857316","article-title":"Job-exposure matrix: A useful tool for incorporating workplace exposure data into population health research and practice","volume":"2","author":"Descatha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2021-107407","article-title":"Cumulative exposure to psychosocial stressors at work and global cognitive function: The PROspective Quebec Study on Work and Health","volume":"78","author":"Duchaine","year":"2021","journal-title":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2016.10.003","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effort-reward imbalance model of workplace stress with indicators of immune function","volume":"91","author":"Eddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001155","article-title":"A systematic review and revised meta-analysis of the effort-reward imbalance model of workplace stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis measures of stress","volume":"85","author":"Eddy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws336","article-title":"Job strain as a risk factor for leisure-time physical inactivity: An individual-participant meta-analysis of up to 170,000 men and women: the IPD-Work Consortium","volume":"176","author":"Fransson","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.008019","article-title":"Job strain and the risk of stroke: An individual-participant data meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Fransson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2023.05.037","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of algorithms to define incident and second hip fractures: A Taiwan validation study","volume":"122","author":"Fu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e068208","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068208","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of diseases and injuries for adults 70 years and older: Systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study","volume":"376","author":"G. B. D. Ageing Collaborators","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503023320902","article-title":"Lower-extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability","volume":"332","author":"Guralnik","year":"1995","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319848205","article-title":"Leisure time and occupational physical activity, resting heart rate and mortality in the Arctic region of Norway: The Finnmark Study","volume":"26","author":"Hermansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-022-01886-0","article-title":"Retirement age does not modify the association of prior working conditions with self-rated health and mortality in retirees: Results from a prospective study of retired French workers","volume":"95","author":"Hoertel","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab087","article-title":"The physical activity paradox in cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: The contemporary Copenhagen General Population Study with 104 046 adults","volume":"42","author":"Holtermann","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Heart Journal"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2019-101719","article-title":"Long overdue remarriage for better physical activity advice for all: Bringing together the public health and occupational health agendas","volume":"54","author":"Holtermann","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Journal of Sports Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyw331","article-title":"Cohort profile: The Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan (HALST)","volume":"46","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.31686\/ijier.vol6.iss11.1243","article-title":"The workplace: An ideal priority setting for health promotion and disease prevention","volume":"6","author":"Ikhioya","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal for Innovation Education and Research"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2023.104470","article-title":"Leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity and the physical activity paradox in healthcare workers: A systematic overview of the literature","volume":"141","author":"Janssen","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws028","article-title":"Differential associations of job control components with mortality: A cohort study, 1986-2005","volume":"175","author":"Joensuu","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40337-022-00540-x","article-title":"Is work-family conflict a pathway between job strain components and binge eating? A cross-sectional analysis from the ELSA-Brasil study","volume":"10","author":"Juvanhol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Eating Disorders"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B30","volume-title":"Healthy work: Stress, productivity, and the reconstruction of working life","author":"Karasek","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2307\/2392498","article-title":"Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign","volume":"24","author":"Karasek","year":"1979","journal-title":"Administrative Science Quarterly"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-024-01593-8","article-title":"Leisure-time and occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: A systematic-review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"21","author":"Kazemi","year":"2024","journal-title":"The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n1804","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1804","article-title":"Cognitive stimulation in the workplace, plasma proteins, and risk of dementia: Three analyses of population cohort studies","volume":"374","author":"Kivimaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13665","article-title":"Lifetime occupational skill and later-life cognitive function among older adults in the United States, Mexico, India, and South Africa","volume":"20","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers & Dementia"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2022.104646","article-title":"Development of frailty index using ICD-10 codes to predict mortality and rehospitalization of older adults: An update of the multimorbidity frailty index","volume":"100","author":"Lai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.11.007","article-title":"A population-based five-year study on the risk of stroke in patients with osteoporosis in Taiwan","volume":"72","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2018062","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2018062","article-title":"Data resource profile: The National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD)","volume":"40","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiology and Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3968","article-title":"Psychosocial work exposures and health outcomes: A meta-review of 72 literature reviews with meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Niedhammer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948231188999","article-title":"History of working conditions and the risk of old-age dependency: A nationwide Swedish register-based study","volume":"52","author":"Nilsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7473-y","article-title":"Psychosocial working conditions across working life may predict late-life physical function: A follow-up cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Nilsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-878","article-title":"Associations between work-related stress in late midlife, educational attainment, and serious health problems in old age: A longitudinal study with over 20 years of follow-up","volume":"14","author":"Nilsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.4111","article-title":"Trajectories of psychosocial working conditions and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A Swedish register-based cohort study","volume":"49","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, \u00adEnvironment and Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002899","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002899","article-title":"Psychosocial working conditions, trajectories of disability, and the mediating role of cognitive decline and chronic diseases: A population-based cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e082194","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-082194","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease mortality among taxi and ambulance drivers: Population based cross sectional study","volume":"387","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83","article-title":"Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data","volume":"43","author":"Quan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2244836","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.44836","article-title":"Association of psychosocial stress with risk of acute stroke","volume":"5","author":"Reddin","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12561","article-title":"Occupational complexity and cognition in the FINGER multidomain intervention trial","volume":"18","author":"Rydstrom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers & Dementia"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e074835","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-074835","article-title":"Distinct cardiovascular and cancer burdens associated with social position, work environment and unemployment: A cross-sectional and retrospective study in a large population-based French cohort","volume":"13","author":"Sanchez Rico","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2023.116550","article-title":"Lifetime exposure to unemployment and prior working conditions are associated with retiree\u2019s health: A retrospective study in a large population-based French cohort","volume":"341","author":"Sanchez Rico","year":"2024","journal-title":"Social Science and Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2022.104802","article-title":"Psychosocial working conditions and cognitive and physical impairment in older age","volume":"104","author":"Sindi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3926","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13038","article-title":"Association of primary lifetime occupational cognitive complexity and cognitive decline in a diverse cohort: Results from the KHANDLE study","volume":"19","author":"Soh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers & Dementia"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22534-5","article-title":"Low occupational physical activity is associated with incident type 2 diabetes in overweight and obese individuals: A population-based cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Syrjala","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3854","article-title":"Psychosocial work stressors and risk of all-cause and coronary heart disease mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Taouk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0187825","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187825","article-title":"Predicting mortality and hospitalization of older adults by the multimorbidity frailty index","volume":"12","author":"Wen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B55","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvb.2015.12.001","article-title":"Personality change via work: A job demand\u2013control model of Big-five personality changes","volume":"92","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Behavior"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2015.1075658","article-title":"The association between job strain and coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annals of Medicine"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100084","article-title":"Physical and mental demands of work associated with dementia risk in later life","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"},{"key":"2026012920470522300_igaf142-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04554-1","article-title":"Frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: An eight-year multi-trajectory analysis","volume":"23","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Geriatrics"}],"container-title":["Innovation in Aging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/innovateage\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geroni\/igaf142\/65877830\/igaf142.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/innovateage\/article-pdf\/10\/1\/igaf142\/65877830\/igaf142.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/innovateage\/article-pdf\/10\/1\/igaf142\/65877830\/igaf142.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T01:47:16Z","timestamp":1769737636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/innovateage\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/geroni\/igaf142\/8379594"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christine E","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geroni\/igaf142","relation":{},"ISSN":["2399-5300"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2399-5300","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"article-number":"igaf142"}}