{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:07:00Z","timestamp":1790971620982,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007301","name":"UCSF Center for Aging in Diverse Communities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AG015272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG015272"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007301","name":"UCSF Pepper Center","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30AG044281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AG044281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Aging Research in Criminal Justice Health Network","award":["R24AG065175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24AG065175"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The incarcerated population is growing older and by the year 2030, more than one third of people incarcerated in the United States will be over the age of 55. This population shift will have a profound impact on correctional health care systems as older incarcerated people often have multiple chronic illnesses and correctional institutions were not designed with aging and disability in mind. Black women experience greater burdens of comorbid conditions and are disproportionately represented among incarcerated women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We utilized Black Feminist Epistemological Methodology to explore the intersection of aging, chronic illness, and mass incarceration via in-depth interviews with 13 formerly incarcerated older Black women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>First, participants described needing to prove themselves to be trustworthy prior to becoming ill in order to be believed and granted access to care when they report symptoms. Next, participants report being treated, not as patients, but as \u201cinmates.\u201d The punitive nature of prison health care disrupted the patient\u2013provider relationship and complicated the ability of patients to maintain autonomy in health care interactions. Finally, I describe how carceral health extends beyond the walls of both the clinic and the institution.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>For older Black women, medical care and decision making inside prisons occur within a punitive context, which presents unique barriers when seeking care. Their experiences of health and illness while incarcerated may continue to influence if and how they seek care as they age in the community and thus must be interrogated when discussing aging in the Black community.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnad114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T23:54:18Z","timestamp":1693526058000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["\u201cWe\u2019re Not Patients. We\u2019re Inmates\u201d: Older Black Women\u2019s Experience of Aging, Health, and Illness During and After Incarceration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6240-3487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer Elyse","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Aging, University of California , San Francisco, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0001","first-page":"e12450","article-title":"What is new with old? 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Considering the truth of research findings and the craft of qualitative research","volume-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies","author":"Cutcliffe","year":"2002"},{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0011","first-page":"46","article-title":"Women lifers: Assessing the experience","volume-title":"The Prison Journal","author":"Genders","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0012","first-page":"138","article-title":"The collateral damage of mass incarceration: Risk of psychiatric morbidity among nonincarcerated residents of high-incarceration neighborhoods","volume-title":"American Journal of Public Health","author":"Hatzenbuehler","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0013","first-page":"4","article-title":"Years of life lost to prison: Racial and gender gradients in the United States of America","volume-title":"Harm Reduction Journal","author":"Hogg","year":"2008"},{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0016","first-page":"168","article-title":"Social gerontology and the Negro: A review","volume-title":"Gerontologist","author":"Jackson","year":"1967"},{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003199113-21","article-title":"Black feminist epistemological methodology: Bridging theory and methods to research health and illness","volume-title":"Black feminist sociology: Perspectives and praxis","author":"James","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024102106012417900_CIT0018","first-page":"268","article-title":"Is incarceration a contributor to health disparities? 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