{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:44:54Z","timestamp":1787319894109,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R15AG063330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R15AG063330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009882","name":"University of La Verne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009882","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AG009740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AG009740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although it is well established that psychological disorders and osteoporosis risk are linked, how the relationship manifests is not. This study examines depressive symptoms and a history of psychological problems as potential risk factors for osteoporosis diagnosis, adjudicating between 4 theoretical models rarely tested together. We analyze these models across multiple domains (i.e., demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related), while accounting for bone mineral density (BMD) scans, which have been shown to improve health equity across sex and racial\/ethnic identities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from the 2012\u20132016, nationally representative, population-based, cohort Health and Retirement Study (N\u2005=\u200518,224\u201318,359) were used to estimate 4 logistic regression models with the outcome of osteoporosis diagnosis. Approximately 50% of the sample identified as female and 50% as male, while about 81% identified as White\/European American, 11% as Black\/African American, and 8% as another race\/ethnicity. The key independent variables were depressive symptoms\u2014measured using two common scales\u2014and a history of psychological problems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A history of psychological problems and one depressive symptoms measure were associated with the odds of osteoporosis diagnosis in the presence of other known risk factors for osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Support for the theoretical models was limited. Evidence suggests possible directionality; a history of psychological distress may be a risk factor for osteoporosis, though we cannot rule out the other direction. Public health professionals and healthcare providers should consider a history of psychological problems as a risk factor for osteoporosis when deciding whether to recommend a BMD scan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnae027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T15:57:13Z","timestamp":1710863833000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Psychological Disorders Linked to Osteoporosis Diagnoses in a Population-Based Cohort Study of Middle and Older Age United States Adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7888-2945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K","family":"Godde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of La Verne , La Verne, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1352-2222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaret Gough","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of La Verne , La Verne, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of La Verne , La Verne, California , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052816273112900_CIT0001","first-page":"209","article-title":"The antidepressant bupropion exerts alleviating properties in an ovariectomized osteoporotic rat model","volume-title":"Acta Pharmacologica 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