{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:01:28Z","timestamp":1790625688802,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Increasingly, Black women are aging alone. Yet information about health correlates and the residential context where older Black women are aging-in-place is lacking. The current study examines one aspect of Aging While Black that affects Black women\u2014living alone without close family or kin in the household \u2014 among a sample of older Black women (N\u2005=\u2005890).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using hierarchical linear models and data from the 2014\/2015 and 2019 waves of the Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey, living alone status (e.g., Level 1) and area-level indicators of residential segregation and social capital (e.g., Level 2) are examined as correlates of self-rated health and loneliness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings indicate that while Black women live in primarily segregated areas, living alone is associated with lower odds of loneliness and has no relation to self-rated health. Additionally, area-level social capital is correlated with a lower likelihood of reported loneliness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results are somewhat contrary to the\u00a0current aging-in-place literature that claims that living alone always contributes to social isolation, loneliness, and poorer health. For older Black women in urban settings, living alone may reflect independence rather than loneliness. Efforts to increase community supports and opportunities for maintaining social connectedness should be considered for future research and age-friendly policies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnae175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:24:59Z","timestamp":1733876699000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Aging Alone (While Black): Living Alone, Loneliness, and Health Among Older Black Women"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9817-4724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H Shellae","family":"Versey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Fordham University , Bronx, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2470-9068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, San Diego State University , San Diego, California ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221146770","article-title":"The risk for loneliness and major depression among solo agers","volume":"42","author":"Adams","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S112","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/56.2.s112","article-title":"Social networks among Blacks and whites: The interaction between race and age","volume":"56","author":"Ajrouch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0003","first-page":"427","article-title":"Social relations: An examination of social networks, social support, and sense of control","volume-title":"Handbook of the psychology of aging","author":"Antonucci","year":"2001","edition":"5th ed."},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115513","article-title":"Decreasing patterns of depression in living alone across middle-aged and older men and women using a longitudinal mixed-effects model","volume":"317","author":"Baek","year":"2023","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnu105","article-title":"Reconceptualizing successful aging among Black women and the relevance of the strong Black woman archetype","volume":"55","author":"Baker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0006","first-page":"304","article-title":"Disparities and social inequities: Is the health of African American women still in peril","volume":"20","author":"Baker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ethnicity & Disease"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511665684.003","article-title":"Psychological perspectives on successful aging: The model of selective optimization with compensation","volume-title":"Successful aging: Perspectives from the behavioral sciences","author":"Baltes","year":"1990"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/s0277-9536(00)00065-4","article-title":"From social integration to health: Durkheim in the new millennium","volume":"51","author":"Berkman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464812463984","article-title":"Aging in community: Mobilizing a new paradigm of older adults as a core social resource","volume":"34","author":"Black","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0010","article-title":"Aging while Black: The crisis among Black Americans as they grow old","author":"Brooks","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Crisis, NAACP"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2018.1430414","article-title":"A manifesto for the age-friendly movement: Developing a new urban agenda","volume":"30","author":"Buffel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Aging & Social Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1177\/016402757914002","article-title":"Neighbors and friends: An overlooked resource in the informal support system","volume":"1","author":"Cantor","year":"1979","journal-title":"Research on Aging"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4723250","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4723250","article-title":"Elder orphans hiding in plain sight: A growing vulnerable population","volume":"2016","author":"Carney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2014.04.008","article-title":"Social support from church and family members and depressive symptoms among older African Americans","volume":"23","author":"Chatters","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2020.8868","article-title":"Health equity among Black women in the United States","volume":"30","author":"Chinn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Women's Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12311","article-title":"Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: A scoping review","volume":"25","author":"Courtin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health and Social Care in the Community"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.2190\/WD8G-450Q-HC77-2K2G","article-title":"Racial differences in the household composition of elders by age, gender, and area of residence","volume":"42","author":"Coward","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1086\/250069","article-title":"The rise and decline of the American ghetto","volume":"107","author":"Cutler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Political Economy"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.11.057","article-title":"The role of social capital in African-American women\u2019s use of mammography","volume":"104","author":"Dean","year":"2014","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine (1982)"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0020","article-title":"Aging while Black: Realities, myths, and opportunities for community planning","volume":"6","author":"Dosik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Imagining Community Symposium"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674036406","volume-title":"Sharing America\u2019s neighborhoods: The prospects for stable racial integration","author":"Ellen","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1080\/07317115.2019.1640332","article-title":"Caring for unbefriended older adults and adult orphans: A clinician survey","volume":"44","author":"Farrell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Gerontologist"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbab224","article-title":"Navigating Black aging: The biological consequences of stress and depression","volume":"77","author":"Forrester","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8301.2012.00402.x","article-title":"Living alone is associated with depression among the elderly in a rural community in Japan","volume":"12","author":"Fukunaga","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychogeriatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-013-9863-2","article-title":"Self-rated health and residential segregation: How does race\/ethnicity matter","volume":"91","author":"Gibbons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Urban Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/1078087415589193","article-title":"Connecting across the divides of race\/ethnicity. How does segregation matter","volume":"52","author":"Gibbons","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urban Affairs Review"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105311435983","article-title":"A meta-analysis of social capital and health: A case for needed research","volume":"18","author":"Gilbert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Health Psychology"},{"issue":"43","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-052020-112623","article-title":"Social capital, Black social mobility, and health disparities","volume":"43","author":"Gilbert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annual Review of Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnu162","article-title":"Support from Neighbors and Aging in Place: Can NORC Programs Make a Difference","volume":"56","author":"Greenfield","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gny089","article-title":"Community gerontology: A framework for research, policy, and practice on communities and aging","volume":"59","author":"Greenfield","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464810364985","article-title":"Identifying living arrangements that heighten risk for loneliness in later life: Evidence from the U.S. National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project","volume":"30","author":"Greenfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2012.01.003","article-title":"A conceptual framework for examining promise of the NORC program and Village models to promote aging in place","volume":"26","author":"Greenfield","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Aging Studies"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/030913259501900203","article-title":"Rethinking the geography of ageing","volume":"19","author":"Harper","year":"1995","journal-title":"Progress in Human Geography"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S375","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/63.6.s375","article-title":"From social structural factors to perceptions of relationship quality and loneliness: The Chicago Health, Aging, and Social Relations Study","volume":"63","author":"Hawkley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464814530805","article-title":"Quality of life and psychological distress among older adults: The role of living arrangements","volume":"35","author":"Henning-Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1177\/00221465211032947","article-title":"Structural intersectionality as a new direction for health disparities research","volume":"62","author":"Homan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"4865","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3399889","article-title":"Social relationships and health","volume":"241","author":"House","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.02.005","article-title":"Neighborhood racial composition, social capital and Black all-cause mortality in Philadelphia","volume":"68","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1086\/711015","article-title":"Unequal displacement: Gentrification, racial stratification, and residential destinations in Philadelphia","volume":"126","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-197705001-00006","article-title":"Social support and health","volume":"15","author":"Kaplan","year":"1977","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1159\/000516226","article-title":"Social network characteristics predict loneliness in older adults","volume":"68","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2018.04.009","article-title":"The Philadelphia story: Age, race, gender and changing travel trends","volume":"69","author":"Klein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Transport Geography"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0043","volume-title":"Going solo: The extraordinary rise and surprising appeal of living alone","author":"Klinenberg","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0044","first-page":"179","article-title":"Separate and unequal: Residential segregation and Black health disparities","volume":"19","author":"Landrine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ethnicity & Disease"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-016-0326-9","article-title":"Residential segregation and racial cancer disparities: A systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Landrine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2020.113057","article-title":"Cross-sectional associations of neighborhood third places with social health among community-dwelling older adults","volume":"258","author":"Lane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1037\/10044-000","article-title":"Ecology and the aging process","volume-title":"The psychology of adult development and aging","author":"Lawton","year":"1973"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240807300504","article-title":"Beyond the census tract: Patterns and determinants of racial segregation at multiple geographic scales","volume":"73","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Sociological Review"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23337214221077798","DOI":"10.1177\/23337214221077798","article-title":"Does living alone affect self-perceptions of aging? Findings from two waves of the Health and Retirement Study","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2020.100870","article-title":"Aging in place and the places of aging: A longitudinal study","volume":"54","author":"Lewis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Aging Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221135588","article-title":"Solo but not alone: An examination of social and help networks among community-dwelling older adults without close family","volume":"42","author":"Lowers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001390","article-title":"Development of social convoys: Trajectories of convoy structure and composition from childhood through adulthood","volume":"58","author":"Manalel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-71544-5_5","article-title":"Life course events and network composition","volume-title":"Social networks and the life course","author":"Marsden","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407517749045","article-title":"Loneliness and social isolation of older adults: Why it is important to examine these social aspects together","volume":"36","author":"Newall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Personal Relationships"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.05.049","article-title":"Which is riskier for mental health, living alone or not participating in any social activity? Evidence from a population-based eleven-year survey in Japan","volume":"233","author":"Oshio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/padr.12233","article-title":"The family safety net of Black and White multigenerational families","volume":"45","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Population and Development Review"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-014-2977-8","article-title":"Living alone, socially isolated or lonely\u2014what are we measuring","volume":"29","author":"Perissinotto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of General Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"21","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111233","article-title":"Relationship between residential segregation, later life cognition, and incident dementia across race\/ethnicity","volume":"18","author":"Pohl","year":"20211123","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/casp.2171","article-title":"Ageing and community: Introduction to the special issue","volume":"24","author":"Provencher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0063","author":"Public Health Management Corporation","year":"2019"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s12062-022-09387-1","article-title":"Health Outcomes of Elder Orphans: an Umbrella and Scoping Review of the Literature","volume":"17","author":"Roofeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Population Ageing,"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-4944(83)80033-4","article-title":"Place and personal identity in old age: Observations from Appalachia","volume":"3","author":"Rowles","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6601_2","article-title":"UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure","volume":"66","author":"Russell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Personality Assessment"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02749.x","article-title":"Social environment effects on health and aging: Integrating epidemiologic and demographic approaches and perspectives","volume":"954","author":"Seeman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0278-6133.10.2.102","article-title":"Gender differences in social support and physical health","volume":"10","author":"Shumaker","year":"1991","journal-title":"Health Psychology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnac087","article-title":"Older people\u2019s neighborhood perceptions are related to social and emotional loneliness and mediated by social network type","volume":"62","author":"Stephens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbw075","article-title":"Cohort differences in received social support in later life: The role of network type","volume":"72","author":"Suanet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"igaa048","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaa048","article-title":"Depressive symptoms and loneliness among Black and White older adults: The moderating effects of race","volume":"4","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Innovation in Aging"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1080\/00380237.2024.2391042","article-title":"Friendship social support networks of African Americans","volume":"57","author":"Taylor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sociological Focus"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12030","article-title":"Racial and ethnic differences in extended family, friendship, fictive kin, and congregational informal support networks","volume":"62","author":"Taylor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Family Relations"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000448","article-title":"Social isolation from family and friends and mental health among African Americans and Black Caribbeans","volume":"90","author":"Taylor","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264314534892","article-title":"Racial disparities in disability among","volume":"26","author":"Thorpe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Aging and Health"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0074","author":"U.S. Census Bureau","year":"."},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-070308-120011","article-title":"Social relationships and health behavior across life course","volume":"36","author":"Umberson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annual Review of Sociology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041644","article-title":"Age-friendly cities and communities: State of the art and future perspectives","volume":"18","author":"van Hoof","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"42","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11109","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1710341114","article-title":"Projections of White and Black older adults without living kin in the United States, 2015 to 2060","volume":"114","author":"Verdery","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.07.024","article-title":"A tale of two Harlems: Gentrification, social capital, and implications for aging in place","volume":"214","author":"Versey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2021.100969","article-title":"Perceptions of community among suburban and urban-dwelling adults aging in place","volume":"59","author":"Versey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Aging Studies"},{"issue":"23","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4633","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16234633","article-title":"Beyond housing: Perceptions of indirect displacement, displacement risk, and aging precarity as challenges to aging in place in gentrifying cities","volume":"16","author":"Versey","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-020-01341-2","article-title":"Social capital and health status: Longitudinal race and ethnicity differences in older adults from 2006 to 2014","volume":"65","author":"Villalonga-Olives","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwad062","article-title":"Different responses to social capital among black people and white people: What racial differential item functioning reveals for racial health equity","volume":"192","author":"Villalonga-Olives","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0265407500171001","article-title":"Social support and strain from partner, family, and friends: Costs and benefits for men and women in adulthood","volume":"17","author":"Walen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Personal Relationships"},{"key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794141","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.794141","article-title":"Living preference modifies the associations of living arrangements with loneliness among community-dwelling older adults","volume":"9","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0084","first-page":"1","article-title":"Navigating solo aging: The unique challenges Black women face","volume":"47","author":"White","year":"2023","journal-title":"Generations"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnad002","article-title":"Theorizing \u201cplace\u201d in aging in place: The need for territorial and relational perspectives","volume":"64","author":"Yarker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025062421030722400_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5455\/medscience.2017.06.8724","article-title":"Relationship between living arrangements, quality of life and depressive symptoms of older adults","volume":"7","author":"Yigen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine Science"}],"container-title":["The Gerontologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnae175\/61006875\/gnae175.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/65\/4\/gnae175\/61006875\/gnae175.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/65\/4\/gnae175\/61006875\/gnae175.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T01:03:14Z","timestamp":1750813394000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnae175\/7919618"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph E","family":"Gaugler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnae175","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-9013","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"article-number":"gnae175"}}