{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:21:12Z","timestamp":1789179672289,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG067506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG067506"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG045423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG045423"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG057510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG057510"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG070951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG070951"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AG062754"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AG062754"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Information and communication technology (ICT) use has been associated with well-being among older adults. This link is often attributed to the fact that ICT use facilitates connecting with others. The purpose of this study is to assess how contact frequency and social tie strength impact the relationship between ICT use and depressive symptoms among older adults.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using data from the Detroit-based Social Relations Study collected in 2015, we use Bayesian analyses to examine the extent to which contact frequency with social network members moderates and the strength of these social tie (strong, moderate, and weak) mediate the link between ICT use and depressive symptoms among adults age 60\u2005+\u2005(n\u2005=\u2005483).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ICT use was found to be associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Furthermore, ICT use was associated with more moderate and weak ties which were, in turn, associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Finally, a moderating effect was also found as ICT use was associated with fewer depressive symptoms only among those with lower contact frequency.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings suggest that for older adults who communicate with others less frequently, ICT use can prove beneficial to mental health (i.e., fewer depressive symptoms). Furthermore ICT use may be especially meaningful to connect with weaker social ties. These findings may be due in part to ICTs capabilities which enable older adults to maintain connection to a diverse array of social ties and bridge social and physical distance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaf025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T12:56:23Z","timestamp":1738068983000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Information and Communication Technology Use Among Social Ties of Varying Strength: Who Benefits and How?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8856-8095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jess","family":"Francis-Levin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour","family":"Fakhoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon G","family":"Brauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2015-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noah J","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3643-9563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristine J","family":"Ajrouch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1420-5328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toni C","family":"Antonucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001589","article-title":"Friendship trajectories and health across the lifespan","volume":"60","author":"Ajrouch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0055","first-page":"10","article-title":"Measuring social support networks: Hierarchical mapping technique","volume":"10","author":"Antonucci","year":"1986","journal-title":"Generations: Journal of the American Society on Aging"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0002","first-page":"427","article-title":"Social relations: An examination of social networks, social support, and sense of control","volume-title":"Handbook of the Psychology of Aging","author":"Antonucci","year":"2001"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0050","first-page":"355","article-title":"Convoys of social relations: Family and friendships within a life span context","author":"Antonucci","year":"1995","journal-title":"Handbook of aging and the family"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnt118","article-title":"The convoy model: Explaining social relations from a multidisciplinary perspective","volume":"54","author":"Antonucci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"igx029","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igx029","article-title":"Social relations and technology: Continuity, context, and change","volume":"1","author":"Antonucci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Innovation in Aging"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.2307\/585268","article-title":"Negative effects of close social relations","volume":"47","author":"Antonucci","year":"1998","journal-title":"Family Relations"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1446.2001.00138.x","article-title":"The psychosocial impact of interactive computer use within a vulnerable elderly population: A report on a randomized prospective trial in a home health care setting","volume":"18","author":"Billipp","year":"2001","journal-title":"Public Health Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.21.1.140","article-title":"Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses","volume":"21","author":"Cacioppo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychology and Aging"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.7.3.331","article-title":"Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: support for socioemotional selectivity theory","volume":"7","author":"Carstensen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychology and aging"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781544342306","volume-title":"Family ties and aging","author":"Connidis","year":"2018"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/000312240807300201","article-title":"The social connectedness of older adults: A national profile","volume":"73","author":"Cornwell","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Sociological Review"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650905000103","article-title":"Social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and health among older adults","volume":"50","author":"Cornwell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0014","article-title":"Can information and communication technology usage by older adults decrease stress, social isolation, and loneliness? Results from a randomized trial","author":"Cotten","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.2306","article-title":"Impact of Internet use on loneliness and contact with others among older adults: Cross-sectional analysis","volume":"15","author":"Cotten","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbu018","article-title":"Internet use and depression among retired older adults in the United States: A longitudinal analysis","volume":"69","author":"Cotten","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology: Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1021-9_9","article-title":"Sense of mattering in late life","volume-title":"Advances in the Conceptualization of the Stress Process","author":"Fazio","year":"2009"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027584006004001","article-title":"Widowhood and social participation in later life: Isolation or compensation","volume":"6","author":"Ferraro","year":"1984","journal-title":"Research on Aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-2589.2009.00010.x","article-title":"Consequential strangers and peripheral ties: The importance of unimportant relationships","volume":"1","author":"Fingerman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Family Theory & Review"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118521373.wbeaa215","article-title":"Weak ties\/consequential strangers","author":"Fingerman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Adulthood and Aging"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1177\/2515245920951747","article-title":"Your coefficient alpha is probably wrong, but which coefficient omega is right? a tutorial on using r to obtain better reliability estimates","volume":"3","author":"Flora","year":"2020","journal-title":"Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.107023","article-title":"Elder orphans on Facebook: Implications for mattering and social isolation","volume":"127","author":"Francis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-40542-1_49","article-title":"When it comes to depression, ICT use matters: A longitudinal analysis of the effect of ICT use and mattering on depression among older adults","volume-title":"HCII 2016 Posters, Part II, CCIS 611","author":"Francis","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764218773829","article-title":"Catalyst to connection: When technical difficulties lead to social support for older adults","volume":"62","author":"Francis","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Behavioral Scientist"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2017.1417459","article-title":"Does ICT use matter? The effect of information & communication","volume":"22","author":"Francis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Information, Communication & Society"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1086\/225469","article-title":"The strength of weak ties","volume":"78","author":"Granovetter","year":"1973","journal-title":"American Journal of Sociology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-016-0149-3","article-title":"Statistical tests, P values, confidence intervals, and power: a guide to misinterpretations","volume":"31","author":"Greenland","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0030","volume-title":"Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling","author":"Hoyle","year":"2023","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1093\/ppar\/prx035","article-title":"Lack of social connectedness and its consequences","volume":"27","author":"Hudson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Public Policy & Aging Report"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbaa019","article-title":"The strength of weaker ties: An underexplored resource for maintaining emotional well-being in later life","volume":"75","author":"Huxhold","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0034","first-page":"253","article-title":"Convoys over the life course: Attachment, roles, and social support","volume-title":"Life-Span Development and Behavior","author":"Kahn","year":"1980"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.4059","article-title":"Post-diagnosis social networks, and lifestyle and treatment factors in the After Breast Cancer Pooling Project","volume":"26","author":"Kroenke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psycho-oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-016-1221-4","article-title":"The Bayesian New Statistics: Hypothesis testing, estimation, meta-analysis, and power analysis from a Bayesian perspective","volume":"25","author":"Kruschke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin and Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.2006.0132","article-title":"Volunteering in middle and later life: Is health a benefit, barrier or both","volume":"85","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Social forces"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/00003727-198811000-00008","article-title":"Assessing social networks among elderly populations","volume":"11","author":"Lubben","year":"1988","journal-title":"Family & Community Health"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbx068","article-title":"Older adults without close kin in the United States","volume":"72","author":"Margolis","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v085.i04","article-title":"blavaan: Bayesian structural equation odels via parameter expansion","volume":"85","author":"Merkle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0041","volume-title":"R: A language environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","article-title":"The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population","volume":"1","author":"Radloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Applied Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176345338","article-title":"The Bayesian bootstrap","volume":"9","author":"Rubin","year":"1981","journal-title":"The Annals of Statistics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8295.2011.02061.x","article-title":"Relationships and the social brain: integrating psychological and evolutionary perspectives","volume":"103","author":"Sutcliffe","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology (London, England: 1953)"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2307\/3090173","article-title":"Volunteer work and well-being","volume":"42","author":"Thoits","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1214\/20-BA1221","article-title":"Rank-normalization, folding, and localization: An improved","volume":"16","author":"Vehtari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bayesian Analysis"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0048","volume-title":"Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation","author":"Weiss","year":"1973"},{"key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0051","author":"Weiss","year":"2005","journal-title":"The experience of retirement"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025051010115147100_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016972","article-title":"Bayesian mediation analysis","volume":"14","author":"Yuan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"}],"container-title":["The Gerontologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnaf025\/61660901\/gnaf025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/65\/6\/gnaf025\/61660901\/gnaf025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/65\/6\/gnaf025\/61660901\/gnaf025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T14:12:03Z","timestamp":1746886323000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnaf025\/7985356"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph E","family":"Gaugler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnaf025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-9013","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"article-number":"gnaf025"}}