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However, little is known about historical trends in self-reported vision and hearing trajectories among middle-aged adults and how these differ across nations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The researchers used harmonized data (n\u2009=\u200996,896; data collection 1996\u20132020) on self-reported near and distant vision as well as hearing from nationally representative panel surveys across a total of 16 countries (United States, Mexico, South Korea, England, and countries in Continental, Mediterranean, and Nordic Europe) in order to compare historical change in middle-aged adults\u2019 sensory functioning trajectories. The researchers included sex, age, education, chronic conditions, and depressive symptoms as moderators of historical change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longitudinal multilevel regression models revealed that at age 50 and across most birth year cohorts, U.S. individuals had poorer self-reported near and distant vision than individuals in England and Continental Europe. For the United States, there was no evidence of historical change in self-reported hearing and distant vision. Across most countries, including the United States, there was a historical decline in self-reported near vision. Women reported better hearing than men; this sex discrepancy narrowed across historical time. Education and depressive symptoms were more closely associated with self-reported sensory functioning in the United States than in most other regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings of this study suggest that there is little evidence for global historical improvements in self-reported sensory functioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaf269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T13:24:08Z","timestamp":1763731448000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Historical change in midlife trajectories of self-reported sensory functioning across 16 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