{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T02:13:07Z","timestamp":1778119987989,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Marquette University\u2019s Institute for Women\u2019s Leadership through the Interdisciplinary Summer Grant Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older adults\u2019 personal views of aging (VoA) can shape health and well-being outcomes. This study explores how non-kin social interactions within a continuing care retirement community (CCRC) influence the development and reinforcement of personal VoA before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study was nested within an ongoing ethnographic project in a Midwestern U.S. CCRC. Data included 22 resident interviews contextualized by 2 months of ethnographic fieldwork and participant observation. Interviews and field notes were analyzed using thematic analysis to explore how non-kin social interactions affect the multidimensional aspects of VoA, including losses and growth in physical functioning, cognitive abilities, and socioemotional experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings show that non-kin interactions played a dual role in buffering against and reinforcing negative VoA. They buffered residents by replenishing social networks, reducing isolation, encouraging health behaviors, and fostering solidarity. At the same time, peer and staff interactions reminded residents of decline and death, reinforcing stereotypes and leading to othering and patronizing behaviors. These dynamics mirror prior studies yet highlight the unique salience of non-kin ties in CCRCs. The timing of data collection suggests that the pandemic amplified rather than fundamentally altered the benefits and risks of peer influence on VoA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Personal VoA is multidimensional and sensitive to social environments. Friendships and non-kin ties are pivotal in shaping how older adults interpret their own aging, with potential to both promote and undermine positive VoA and well-being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaf299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T13:16:16Z","timestamp":1765372576000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shaping and reinforcing personal views of aging among older adults: the role of non-kin social interactions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8885-956X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita Xiaochen","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6946-6541","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Crampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Cultural Sciences, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B1","volume-title":"Learn About Continuing Care Retirement Communities","author":"AARP","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610214002415","article-title":"Perceptions of old age and aging in the continuing care retirement community","volume":"27","author":"Ayalon","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab013","article-title":"\u201cWe have become prisoners of our own age\u201d: From a continuing care retirement community to a total institution in the midst of the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"50","author":"Ayalon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732312468506","article-title":"Social ties in the context of the continuing care retirement community","volume":"23","author":"Ayalon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Qualitative Health Research"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-73820-8_7","volume-title":"Contemporary perspectives on ageism","author":"Ayalon","year":"2018"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0882-7974.7.3.409","article-title":"The dependency-support script in institutions: Generalization to community settings","volume":"7","author":"Baltes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychology and Aging"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.52.4.366","article-title":"On the incomplete architecture of human ontogeny: Selection, optimization, and compensation as foundation of developmental theory","volume":"52","author":"Baltes","year":"1997","journal-title":"The American Psychologist"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1037\/13620-004","volume-title":"APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological","author":"Braun","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127488","article-title":"The influence of a sense of time on human development","volume":"312","author":"Carstensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.4135\/9781452218403.n25","volume-title":"The SAGE handbook of interview research: The complexity of the craft","author":"Charmaz","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003260332","volume-title":"Transcending crisis: Carework, emotions, and human flourishing","author":"Crampton","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026050621471236300_gnaf299-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbp110","article-title":"Awareness of age-related change: Examination of a (mostly) unexplored concept","volume":"65B","author":"Diehl","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology. 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