{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T12:13:06Z","timestamp":1783599186635,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias (ADRD) significantly affects older adults and their caregivers, necessitating innovative caregiving solutions. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy of the application of AI-based socially assistive robots (AI-SARs) in ADRD care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature search of randomized controlled trials was conducted across 11 databases (e.g., PubMed, Web of Science) following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Eligible trial studies must be interventions that adopted AI-SARs in supporting older adults with ADRD or family caregivers. Outcomes analyzed included care recipient cognitive function, depression, anxiety, and agitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and ten in the meta-analysis. AI-SAR interventions showed a statistically significant reduction in depression [standardized mean difference (SMD)\u2009=\u2009\u22120.30; 95% confidence interval (CI): \u22120.56 to \u22120.03; p = .027] and agitation (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.26; 95% CI: \u22120.49 to \u22120.03; p = .027). No significant effects were found on cognitive function (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.07; 95% CI: \u22120.30 to 0.16; p = .555), or anxiety (SMD\u2009=\u20091.12; 95% CI: \u22121.73 to 3.98; p = .440).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AI-SARs may reduce depressive symptoms and agitation among older adults with ADRD. However, evidence for other outcomes remains inconclusive. Future research should focus on large-scale trials with standardized outcomes and explore the role of AI-SARs in supporting caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnag019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T12:45:01Z","timestamp":1772196301000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Artificial Intelligence-based social assistive robots in dementia care: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3747-3947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiayu S","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8983-0446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley , Edinburg, Texas,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6291-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1066-9659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yali","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Library, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign , Urbana, Illinois,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1109\/taffc.2022.3143803","article-title":"Artificial emotional intelligence in socially assistive robots for older adults: A pilot study","volume":"14","author":"Abdollahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing"},{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2010.10.002","article-title":"Socially assistive robots in elderly care: A systematic review into effects and effectiveness","volume":"13","author":"Bemelmans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11050483","article-title":"Artificial intelligence support for informal patient caregivers: A systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Borna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105228","article-title":"Effect of a group-based Personal Assistive RObot (PARO) robot intervention on cognitive function, autonomic nervous system function, and mental well-being in older adults with mild dementia: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","article-title":"Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"7","author":"GBD 2019 Dementia Forecasting Collaborators","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1159\/000529849","article-title":"Socially assistive robots for people living with dementia in long-term care facilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"69","author":"Hsieh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"2026050720542858100_gnag019-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2018.02.014","article-title":"Does cognitive impairment and agitation in dementia influence intervention effectiveness? 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