{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T14:29:06Z","timestamp":1785594546065,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Effective qualitative interviews with individuals with cognitive impairment require careful conversational strategies to maintain dignity, support engagement, and enable meaningful narrative co-construction. Despite recognition of these challenges, practical guidance on interviewer talk in dementia research remains limited. This study applies conversation analysis (CA) to examine interviewer practices used in interviews with individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Analysis of 17 interviews identified five recurring practices: (1) scaffolding memory retrieval through subtle prompts, (2) normalizing cognitive lapses using humor and affiliative talk, (3) echoing and affirming responses to sustain narrative coherence, (4) managing caregiver co-participation to preserve participant voice, and (5) repairing emotional disclosures to support dignity. These practices shaped participants\u2019 experiences by validating emotions, affirming partial successes, and maintaining autonomy, thereby enhancing both ethical and empirical quality. This study addresses a key methodological gap by offering concrete, interactionally grounded strategies to improve qualitative interviews with cognitively impaired populations. Future research should examine these practices across more diverse populations and multimodal data sources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnag062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T11:31:50Z","timestamp":1777116710000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Interviewing people living with cognitive impairment: a conversation analysis of supportive interactional practices"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5624-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean N","family":"Halpin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI Health Solutions, Patient-Centered Outcome Assessments , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1177\/1471301205051092","article-title":"Communication and interaction within dementia care triads: Developing a theory for relationship-centred care","volume":"4","author":"Adams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dementia"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13016","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","volume":"19","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pragma.2008.10.004","article-title":"Implementing incipient actions: The discourse marker so in English conversation","volume":"41","author":"Bolden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Pragmatics"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.01.045","article-title":"\u201cI don\u2019t do like I used to do\u201d: A grounded theory approach to conceptualising awareness in people with moderate to severe dementia living in long-term care","volume":"66","author":"Clare","year":"2008","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine (1982)"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B5","volume-title":"Conversation analysis","author":"Clift","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732316637065","article-title":"Reflections and recommendations for conducting in-depth interviews with people with dementia","volume":"26","author":"Cridland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Qualitative Health Research"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B7","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Asymmetries in dialogue","author":"Drew","year":"1991"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327973rlsi2803_4","article-title":"Co-constructing meaning in conversations with an aphasic man","volume":"28","author":"Goodwin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Research on Language and Social Interaction"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1515\/semi.1986.62.1-2.51","article-title":"Gesture and coparticipation in the activity of searching for a word","volume":"62","author":"Goodwin","year":"1986","journal-title":"Semiotica"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B12","first-page":"89","article-title":"Declining with purpose: Resilience despite cognitive decline","volume":"21","author":"Halpin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Life Span and Disability"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnw061","article-title":"Socio-Emotional Adaptation Theory: Charting the emotional process of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"57","author":"Halpin","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"igaf140","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaf140","article-title":"Qualitative research in gerontology: Rigor, legacy, and the next wave of innovation","volume":"10","author":"Halpin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Innovation in Aging"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23333936211012990","DOI":"10.1177\/23333936211012990","article-title":"Using applied conversation analysis in patient education","volume":"8","author":"Halpin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Global Qualitative Nursing Research"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2022.02.002","article-title":"Using conversation analysis to appraise how novel educational videos impact patient medical education","volume":"105","author":"Halpin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Patient Education and Counseling"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511627774","volume-title":"Conversations with an Alzheimer\u2019s patient: An interactional sociolinguistic study","author":"Hamilton","year":"1994"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/019027250506800103","article-title":"The terms of agreement: Indexing epistemic authority and subordination in talk-in-interaction","volume":"68","author":"Heritage","year":"2005","journal-title":"Social Psychology Quarterly"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B19","volume-title":"Conversation analysis","author":"Hutchby","year":"2008","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1177\/1363459316679938","article-title":"Communicative disability and stories: Towards an embodied conception of narratives","volume":"21","author":"Hyd\u00e9n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1177\/1471301217754012","article-title":"\u201cSo they are not alive?\u201d: Dementia, reality disjunctions and conversational strategies","volume":"18","author":"Hyd\u00e9n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dementia (London, England)"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B22","first-page":"86","volume-title":"Talk and social organisation","author":"Jefferson","year":"1987"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1075\/pbns.125.02jef","volume-title":"Conversation analysis: Studies from the first generation","author":"Jefferson","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12298","article-title":"Adapting to conversation with semantic dementia: Using enactment as a compensatory strategy in everyday social interaction","volume":"48","author":"Kindell","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1558\/cam.v5i1.3","article-title":"Laughter, communication problems and dementia","volume":"5","author":"Lindholm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Communication & Medicine"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/147130120404","article-title":"Make it easy on yourself! Advice to researchers from someone with dementia on being interviewed","volume":"3","author":"McKillop","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dementia"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0911-6044(98)00004-9","article-title":"Conversing in dementia: A conversation analytic approach","volume":"11","author":"Perkins","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neurolinguistics"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609406918782784","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406918782784","article-title":"More than talking: A scoping review of innovative approaches to qualitative research involving people with dementia","volume":"17","author":"Phillipson","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Qualitative Methods"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B30","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Structures of social action: Studies in conversation analysis","author":"Pomerantz","year":"1984"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1558\/jircd.v4i2.273","article-title":"\u201cThat\u2019s my story!\u201d Resisting disabling processes in a therapeutic activity","volume":"4","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Interactional Research in Communication Disorders"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B32","first-page":"653","article-title":"Functional assessment staging (FAST)","volume":"24","author":"Reisberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.4135\/9781529770278.n41","volume-title":"The SAGE handbook of qualitative research design","author":"Roulston","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B34","volume-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and dementia: What everyone needs to know\u00ae","author":"Sabat","year":"2019"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pragma.2009.12.019","article-title":"Ethnomethodology and the moral accountability of interaction: Navigating the conceptual terrain of \u201cface\u201d and face-work","volume":"42","author":"Samra-Fredericks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Pragmatics"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1152\/advan.00030.2017","article-title":"Humor, laughter, learning, and health! A brief review","volume":"41","author":"Savage","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in Physiology Education"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511791208","volume-title":"Sequence organization in interaction: A primer in conversation analysis I","author":"Schegloff","year":"2007"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.2307\/413107","article-title":"The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation","volume":"53","author":"Schegloff","year":"1977","journal-title":"Language"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B39","volume-title":"Conversation analysis: An introduction","author":"Sidnell","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B40","volume-title":"The handbook of conversation analysis","author":"Sidnell","year":"2013"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511921674.002","volume-title":"The morality of knowledge in conversation","author":"Stivers","year":"2011"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B44","volume-title":"The perspectives of people with dementia: Research methods and motivations","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026070713282393600_gnag062-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/08351813.2019.1631051","article-title":"Atypical interaction: Conversation analysis and communicative impairments","volume":"52","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Research on Language and Social Interaction"}],"container-title":["The Gerontologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnag062\/68190251\/gnag062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/66\/7\/gnag062\/68190251\/gnag062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/66\/7\/gnag062\/68190251\/gnag062.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T17:28:29Z","timestamp":1783445309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnag062\/8665245"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Baumbusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnag062","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-9013","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"article-number":"gnag062"}}