{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T04:10:48Z","timestamp":1788840648796,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1949003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1949003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HD069609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD069609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG040213"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG040213"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Family members are a central source of care and support in later life, yet older adults in the United States increasingly live apart from non-resident kin, raising questions about how geographic dispersion shapes relational dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using nationally representative data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its Disability and Use of Time supplement, this study develops a multidimensional typology of family relationship configurations among adults aged 60 and older. Latent class analysis of contact, reciprocal support, and emotional affinity identifies 4 distinct profiles: harmonious but detached, isolated, strained givers, and tight-knit. We then examine how structural features of non-resident kin networks\u2014including geographic proximity, number and type of nearby relatives, and relatives\u2019 socioeconomic resources\u2014predict membership in these profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results show that proximity to multiple kin, particularly parents, children, and siblings, strongly shapes the likelihood of belonging to tight-knit or strained families, while greater dispersion contributes to isolation or emotionally positive but low-contact ties. The availability of financially stable kin further differentiates profiles, with higher-income relatives linked to less exchange-based configurations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By moving beyond simple measures of co-residence or \u201cany nearby kin,\u201d this study demonstrates the diversity of older adults\u2019 family experiences. Our findings highlight that geographic proximity operates within a broader network ecology: the presence of multiple nearby kin, the types of relatives who live close, and the relative economic resources of family members all contribute to whether older adults experience cohesive, strained, or weak family ties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnag198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T11:45:41Z","timestamp":1786535141000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beyond proximity: how kin network structure and resources shape family relationship configurations in later life"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Spring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Georgia State University , Atlanta, Georgia,","place":["United 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