{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:49:24Z","timestamp":1791866964466,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01CA290680"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CA290680"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG091450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG091450"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG092496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG092496"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease affects mostly women over 65, who make up nearly two-thirds of cases. Subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) can precede Alzheimer\u2019s disease by years. While physical activity (PA) supports healthy aging, the long-term impact of midlife PA on late-life SCCs in women is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using data from 4,397 participants (mean age = 46.2\u2009years at baseline; 78.7\u2009years at SCC assessment) in the New York University Women\u2019s Health Study (NYUWHS), a prospective cohort of 14,274 women enrolled in 1985\u20131991, we examined the association between midlife PA and SCC reported nearly 30\u2009years later. PA was assessed at baseline using self-reported weekly hours of mild, moderate, and vigorous activity, converted to metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-hours\/week). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were estimated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for demographics and midlife and late-life health conditions. Multiple imputation and inverse probability weighting addressed missing data and potential selection bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women in the highest tertile of total midlife PA had 20% lower odds of reporting \u22652 SCCs compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.80; 95% CI = 0.68\u20130.95). The inverse association was stronger among never smokers (OR = 0.68; p for interaction\u2009=\u2009.029). The inverse association was consistent for moderate and vigorous, but not mild PA. Findings were consistent across sensitivity analyses using alternative SCC definitions, exclusion criteria, and inverse probability weights.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher level of midlife PA was associated with fewer late-life SCCs, suggesting that midlife PA may be an important behavioral correlate of later-life cognitive health in women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnag200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:32:16Z","timestamp":1787052736000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Midlife physical activity and late-life subjective cognitive complaints in women"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"66","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9236-9860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yixiao","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0997-0890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tess V","family":"Clendenen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen L","family":"Koenig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yian","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Zeleniuch-Jacquotte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1519-4894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine , New York, New York,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2004.04.005","article-title":"Optimizing fat oxidation through exercise and diet","volume":"20","author":"Achten","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31821ece12","article-title":"2011 Compendium of physical activities: A second update of codes and MET values","volume":"43","author":"Ainsworth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.08.011","article-title":"Subjective cognitive complaints and amyloid burden in cognitively normal older individuals","volume":"50","author":"Amariglio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03543.x","article-title":"Specific subjective memory complaints in older persons may indicate poor cognitive function: Memory complaints and objective cognitive testing","volume":"59","author":"Amariglio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_45_20","article-title":"Reverse causation, physical inactivity, and dementia","volume":"42","author":"Andrade","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.11.010","article-title":"Missing data in clinical research: A tutorial on multiple imputation","volume":"37","author":"Austin","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180141","article-title":"Differences between women and men in incidence rates of dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"64","author":"Beam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: JAD"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00022.2020","article-title":"Regulation of cerebral blood flow in humans: Physiology and clinical implications of autoregulation","volume":"101","author":"Claassen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13616","article-title":"Consequences of physical inactivity in older adults: A systematic review of reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"30","author":"Cunningham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-5-33","article-title":"Validity and repeatability of the EPIC physical activity questionnaire: A validation study using accelerometers as an objective measure","volume":"5","author":"Cust","year":"2008","journal-title":"The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.11.1539","article-title":"Cerebral white matter lesions and subjective cognitive dysfunction: The Rotterdam Scan Study","volume":"56","author":"De Groot","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2020.08.031","article-title":"Physical activity and exercise in mild cognitive impairment and dementia: An umbrella review of intervention and observational studies","volume":"21","author":"Demurtas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e227512","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.7512","article-title":"Association of subjective memory complaints with white matter hyperintensities and cognitive decline among older adults in Chicago, Illinois","volume":"5","author":"Dhana","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glab169","article-title":"Vigorous physical activity and cognitive trajectory later in life: Prospective association and interaction by apolipoprotein E e4 in the Nurses\u2019 Health Study","volume":"77","author":"Fassier","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0032-9","article-title":"Sex differences in Alzheimer disease\u2014The gateway to precision medicine","volume":"14","author":"Ferretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Neurology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0331-2","article-title":"Physical activity across adulthood and subjective cognitive function in older men","volume":"33","author":"Fondell","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(04)00767-7","article-title":"An active and socially integrated lifestyle in late life might protect against dementia","volume":"3","author":"Fratiglioni","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Lancet. Neurology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e213227","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.3227","article-title":"Longitudinal assessment of physical activity and cognitive outcomes among women at midlife","volume":"4","author":"Greendale","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000092","article-title":"Does Alzheimer disease pathologic change underlie subjective cognitive complaints?","volume":"29","author":"Grill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2026506","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.26506","article-title":"Assessment of leisure time physical activity and brain health in a multiethnic cohort of older adults","volume":"3","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.15.1433","article-title":"Walking compared with vigorous physical activity and risk of type 2 diabetes in women: A prospective study","volume":"282","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-022-01554-4","article-title":"Comparing single and multiple imputation strategies for harmonizing substance use data across HIV-related cohort studies","volume":"22","author":"Javanbakht","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.01.001","article-title":"A conceptual framework for research on subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Jessen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30368-0","article-title":"The characterisation of subjective cognitive decline","volume":"19","author":"Jessen","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet. Neurology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287391","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1287391","article-title":"The impact of loneliness and social isolation during COVID-19 on cognition in older adults: A scoping review","volume":"14","author":"Kassam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e14705","article-title":"Autophagy regulates the release of exercise factors and their beneficial effects on spatial memory recall","volume":"9","author":"Khoury","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa252","article-title":"Physical activity in early- and mid-adulthood are independently associated with longitudinal memory trajectories in later life","volume":"76","author":"Kraal","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648221139480","article-title":"Physical activity patterns and cognitive health among older adults in the United States","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Gerontology: The Official Journal of the Southern Gerontological Society"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2019.07.012","article-title":"Updated overview on interplay between physical exercise, neurotrophins, and cognitive function in humans","volume":"9","author":"Lippi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Sport and Health Science"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30367-6","article-title":"Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission","volume":"396","author":"Livingston","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22311","article-title":"Midlife measurements of white matter microstructure predict subsequent regional white matter atrophy in healthy adults","volume":"35","author":"Ly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00147","article-title":"A life-long approach to physical activity for brain health","volume":"9","author":"Macpherson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908263410904","article-title":"A prospective study of walking as compared with vigorous exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease in women","volume":"341","author":"Manson","year":"1999","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2544439","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.44439","article-title":"Physical activity over the adult life course and risk of dementia in the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"8","author":"Marino","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-016-9641-0","article-title":"Physical activity in older age: Perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty","volume":"17","author":"McPhee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclnm.2011.01.005","article-title":"Carbohydrate and fat utilization during rest and physical activity","volume":"6","author":"Melzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"E-SPEN, the European e-Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0200701","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200701","article-title":"Metabolic equivalent of task (METs) thresholds as an indicator of physical activity intensity","volume":"13","author":"Mendes","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422","article-title":"Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: An analysis of population-based data","volume":"13","author":"Norton","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet. Neurology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.01.011","article-title":"Subjective memory complaints, education, and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Oijen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2020.106279","article-title":"Cross-sectional association between physical activity level and subjective cognitive decline among US adults aged \u226545 years, 2015","volume":"141","author":"Omura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.05.1764","article-title":"Gray matter atrophy pattern in elderly with subjective memory impairment","volume":"10","author":"Peter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer\u2019s Association"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-016-0188-8","article-title":"Recent global trends in the prevalence and incidence of dementia and survival with dementia","volume":"8","author":"Prince","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8814","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168814","article-title":"The impact of physical exercise on the circulating levels of BDNF and NT 4\/5: A review","volume":"22","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B44","volume-title":"Modern epidemiology","author":"Rothman","year":"2008","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.10.007","article-title":"The effect of midlife physical activity on structural brain changes in the elderly","volume":"31","author":"Rovio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Aging"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1719468","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2025.1719468","article-title":"A comparative analysis of physical activity and cognitive performance in both institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults, controlling sociodemographic variables","volume":"16","author":"Rueda","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.06.012","article-title":"Subjective cognitive concerns, episodic memory, and the APOE \u03b54 allele","volume":"10","author":"Samieri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer\u2019s Association"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-020-1020-8","article-title":"Inverse-probability weighting and multiple imputation for evaluating selection bias in the estimation of childhood obesity prevalence using data from electronic health records","volume":"20","author":"Sayon-Orea","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675583","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.675583","article-title":"Severity of subjective cognitive complaints and worries in older adults are associated with cerebral amyloid-\u03b2 load","volume":"13","author":"Schwarz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13468","article-title":"Mid-life adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and late-life subjective cognitive complaints in women","volume":"20","author":"Song","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa054","article-title":"Physical activity as moderator of the association between APOE and cognitive decline in older adults: Results from three longitudinal cohort studies","volume":"75","author":"Stringa","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"glw130","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw130","article-title":"Physical activity, brain volume, and dementia risk: The Framingham Study","volume":"72","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3156","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.8657","article-title":"Constructing inverse probability weights for institutional comparisons in healthcare","volume":"39","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Statistics in Medicine"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.3.190","article-title":"A prospective study of endogenous estrogens and breast cancer in postmenopausal women","volume":"87","author":"Toniolo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02633522","article-title":"Endogenous hormones and breast cancer: A prospective cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Toniolo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Research and Treatment"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afag054","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afag054","article-title":"The association between midlife neighbourhood walkability and Alzheimer\u2019s disease in women: A prospective nested case\u2013control study","volume":"55","author":"Walker","year":"2026","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.12.1454","article-title":"Physical activity, including walking, and cognitive function in older women","volume":"292","author":"Weuve","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B58","volume-title":"Global status report on physical activity 2022","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220011","article-title":"Gut microbiota and subjective memory complaints in older women","volume":"88","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: JAD"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2025.108390","article-title":"Association between midlife intake of ultra-processed foods and later-life subjective cognitive complaints: Evidence from the New York University Women\u2019s Health Study","volume":"200","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-025-01806-7","article-title":"Combined effects of physical activity, cognitive activity, and dietary patterns on cognitive impairment in older adults with consideration of APOE genotype: A cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Zhong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Research & Therapy"},{"key":"2026101300412857700_gnag200-B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52856-0","article-title":"Lifestyle and behavioural changes in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with subjective cognitive complaints","volume":"14","author":"Zsuffa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"}],"container-title":["The Gerontologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnag200\/70683999\/gnag200.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/66\/11\/gnag200\/70683999\/gnag200.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/66\/11\/gnag200\/70683999\/gnag200.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T04:41:46Z","timestamp":1791866506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/geront\/gnag200\/8763688"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph E","family":"Gaugler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnag200","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-9013","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"article-number":"gnag200"}}