{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:43:39Z","timestamp":1783485819884,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NR010271"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NR010271"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA098966"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA098966"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article explores manifestations of ageism in response to a proposed National Institutes of Health (NIH) Emeritus Grant initiative aimed at funding older investigators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comments were requested by NIH in 2015, through a Request for Information (RFI) as well as a public blog regarding the merits of a proposed grant mechanism that would help older researchers transfer their labs to junior scientists and transition into retirement. This article reports content analysis of comments from 134 respondents to the blog.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found consistent patterns of disapproval of the proposed NIH initiative, which was viewed by most respondents as an undeserved benefit for older scientists. Negative attitudes were also expressed toward senior investigators by a large majority of commenters. In addition to broad opposition to new grant funding for senior investigators, many commenters also advocated for other punitive actions toward older investigators, including forced retirement. These opinions were generally justified by negative appraisals of senior investigators\u2019 competence, productivity, and even their character. Ageist comments were not limited to younger researchers, suggesting potential internalized ageism by older investigators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We discuss manifestations of ageism and advocacy for age discrimination in the broader social context of modernization theory, intergenerational conflict and social closure. Our findings raise important questions about the limited value of higher education in counteracting prejudice toward older people. We propose potential remedies to reduce ageism in academia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnw190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]],"date-time":"2016-11-16T15:05:49Z","timestamp":1479308749000},"page":"251-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Beyond Ageist Attitudes: Researchers Call for NIH Action to Limit Funding for Older Academics"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Kahana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R","family":"Slone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boaz","family":"Kahana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlyn Barnes","family":"Langendoerfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Work, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1031(86)90045-4","article-title":"Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control","volume":"22","author":"Ajzen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0002","first-page":"3","article-title":"The development of a community of inquiry over time in an online course: Understanding the progression and integration of social, cognitive and teaching presence","volume":"12","author":"Akyol","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0003","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between perceived age discrimination and subjective well-being: Variations by age and subjective life expectancy","author":"Avidor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging & Mental Health"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/00091383.2012.706508","article-title":"Making emeritus matter","volume":"44","author":"Baldwin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.02.024","article-title":"Dead by 50: Lay expertise and breast cancer screening","volume":"72","author":"Barker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1093\/socpro\/spu001","article-title":"Diagnostic domain defense: Autism spectrum disorder and the DSM-5","volume":"62","author":"Barker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0007","author":"Barr","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1080\/0013188032000133548","article-title":"Manual or electronic: The role of coding qualitative data analysis","volume":"45","author":"Basit","year":"2003","journal-title":"Educational Research"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnq056","article-title":"From compassionate ageism to intergenerational conflict","volume":"50","author":"Binstock","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0010","volume-title":"Why survive? Being old in America","author":"Butler","year":"1975"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0011","first-page":"47","article-title":"Is the economic crisis driving wedges between young and old? Rich and poor","volume":"33","author":"Campbell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Generations"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0012","volume-title":"Aging and modernization","author":"Cowgill","year":"1972"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1157.003.0004","article-title":"Doddering but dear: Process, content, and function in stereotyping of older persons","volume-title":"Ageism: Stereotyping and prejudice against older persons","author":"Cuddy","year":"2002"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1418761112","article-title":"A generation at risk: Young investigators and the future of the biomedical workforce","volume":"112","author":"Daniels","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203697078","volume-title":"Analysing discourse: Textual analysis for social research","author":"Fairclough","year":"2003"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0016","article-title":"On discrimination and deliberation","volume-title":"Chronicle of Higher Education","author":"Fant","year":"2012"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1300\/J194v05n01_02","article-title":"Intergenerational dialogue to reduce prejudice: A conceptual model","volume":"5","author":"Fletcher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13-241687","article-title":"NIH research funding and early career physician scientists: continuing challenges in the 21st century","volume":"28","author":"Garrison","year":"2014","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.2005.00409.x","article-title":"The social separation of old and young: A root of ageism","volume":"61","author":"Hagestad","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Social Issues"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135109","article-title":"Intergroup bias","volume":"53","author":"Hewstone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.64.5.851","article-title":"How the new NIH Guidelines on Inclusion of Women and Minorities apply: efficacy trials, effectiveness trials, and validity","volume":"64","author":"Hohmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0022","article-title":"21st Century Cures Act, 114th Cong","author":"H.R. 6","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0023","author":"Insel","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/17.2.121","article-title":"Perspectives of aged on victimization, \u201cageism,\u201d and their problems in urban society","volume":"17","author":"Kahana","year":"1977","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0025","article-title":"The academy is aging in place: Assessing alternatives for modifying institutions of higher education","author":"Kaskie","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.2307\/2676349","article-title":"The prevalence, distribution, and mental health correlates of perceived discrimination in the United States","volume":"40","author":"Kessler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Health and Social Behavior"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0027","first-page":"49","article-title":"Implicit ageism","volume-title":"Ageism: Stereotyping and prejudice against older persons","author":"Levy","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gns194","article-title":"Facebook as a site for negative age stereotypes","volume":"54","author":"Levy","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0029","article-title":"The age(ism) of diversity","author":"McKee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inside Higher Ed"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1086\/354848","article-title":"The Matthew effect in science, II: Cumulative advantage and the symbolism of intellectual property","volume":"79","author":"Merton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Isis"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.2005.00402.x","article-title":"Ageism: Prejudice against our feared future self","volume":"61","author":"Nelson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Social Issues"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027843","article-title":"An inconvenienced youth? Ageism and its potential intergenerational roots","volume":"138","author":"North","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychology Bulletin"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1177\/0146167213480043","article-title":"Act your (old) age: Prescriptive, ageist biases over succession, consumption, and identity","volume":"39","author":"North","year":"2013","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2409.2012.01042.x","article-title":"Subtyping ageism: Policy issues in succession and consumption","volume":"7","author":"North","year":"2013","journal-title":"Social Issues and Policy Review"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0037","volume-title":"Ageism: Negative and positive","author":"Palmore","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/29.2.205","article-title":"Modernization and status of the aged: International correlations","volume":"29","author":"Palmore","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Gerontology"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0039","article-title":"One idea to ease faculty into retirement: The \u2018terminal sabbatical\u2019","volume-title":"Chronicle of Higher Education","author":"Patel","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0040","article-title":"Aging professors who won\u2019t retire","volume-title":"New York Times","author":"Potter","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0041","author":"Rockey","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0042","author":"Rockey","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1353\/sof.2007.0109","article-title":"Age discrimination, social closure, and employment","volume":"86","author":"Roscigno","year":"2007","journal-title":"Social Forces"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0044","first-page":"141","article-title":"Comparing research productivity across disciplines and career stages","volume":"15","author":"Sabharwal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0045","article-title":"\u2018Blatant age discrimination\u2019 infests faculty hiring","volume-title":"Chronicle of Higher Education","author":"Stoil","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1525\/sp.2006.53.1.75","article-title":"Greatest generation or greedy geezers? Social spending preferences and the elderly","volume":"53","author":"Street","year":"2006","journal-title":"Social Problems"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021086","article-title":"The graying of academia: Will it reduce scientific productivity","volume":"65","author":"Stroebe","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0048","volume-title":"Durable Inequality","author":"Tilly","year":"1999"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-923X.2012.02360.x","article-title":"The new ageism","volume":"83","author":"Walker","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Political Quarterly"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0050","volume-title":"Economy and Society","author":"Weber","year":"1978"},{"key":"2026010518565190600_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-008-9185-0","article-title":"Discrimination and racial disparities in health: evidence and needed research","volume":"32","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Medicine"}],"container-title":["The Gerontologist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/58\/2\/251\/66266795\/gerontologist_58_2_251.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article-pdf\/58\/2\/251\/66266795\/gerontologist_58_2_251.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T23:57:09Z","timestamp":1767657429000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/gerontologist\/article\/58\/2\/251\/2877898"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Barbara J","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/gnw190","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-9013","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-5341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]}}}