{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:59:46Z","timestamp":1753876786472,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Coley\u2019s Toxin comprised a mixture of cell-free, heat-treated culture media from Streptococcus pyogenes (originally Streptococus erysipelatos) and Serratia marcescens (originally Bacillus prodigiosus). A 250\u00a0kDa tumor hemorrhage-inducing polysaccharide \u201cPS1\u201d is reported here secreted into culture medium by S. marcescens. Four h after PS1 is injected at 32\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg (10pM) into the tail vein of Balb\/C mice bearing C26 subcutaneous colon-derived tumors, tumor-specific capillary hemorrhage is exhibited in 90% of tumors. As a positive control, CM101, a similar tumor hemorrhagic polysaccharide from Streptococcus agalactica caused tumor hemorrhage in 75% of tumors in the Balb\/C-C26 model at 7.5\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg(2.5pM). CM101 has previously been safety tested in a Phase I clinical trial. These two polysaccharides have merit to be identified as the active principal ingredients (API\u2019s) of Coley\u2019sToxin. Additional approaches to cancer therapy are a global need. No matter the level of wealth of victims, some cancers are still incurable. Recall in recent years the tragic early cancer deaths of Steve Jobs and Paul Allen among other luminaries. Streptococcal and Serratia bacterial extracts have unique tumor specific capillary destructive activity, with observations originating with sarcomas cured by nosocomial \u00a0erysipelas \u00a0infections in the 1860\u2019s. The active pharmaceutical ingredients (API\u2019s) in these extracts and Coley\u2019s Toxins are proposed to be polysaccharides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwaf021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T11:12:42Z","timestamp":1744629162000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tumor Hemorrhage-inducing polysaccharides secreted by streptococci and Serratia proposed as the active principal ingredients (API\u2019s) of Coley\u2019s toxin: on PS1, the <i>Serratia marcescens<\/i> API"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Roger A","family":"Laine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Biological Sciences, and Chemistry, Louisiana State University and A&M College , College of Science, 201 Life Sciences Bldg. Baton Rouge, LA 70803 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry W","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murigenics, Inc. , 941 Railroad Ave. Vallejo, CA 94592 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromu","family":"Takematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University , Building 3 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042812561657700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07487-w","article-title":"Accurate structure prediction of biomolecular interactions with AlphaFold 3","volume":"630","author":"Abramson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025042812561657700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2008.06.028","article-title":"An outbreak of Serratia marcescens septicaemia in neonatal intensive care unit in Gaza city, Palestine","volume":"70","author":"Al Jarousha","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"2025042812561657700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29011\/2577-1515.100191","article-title":"Rapid control of Serratia marcescens outbreak in neonatal intensive care unit, Oman","volume":"6","author":"Al Maskari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infectious Diseases Diagnosis & Treatment"},{"key":"2025042812561657700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/8.2.53","article-title":"Vascular reactions of normal and malignant tissues in vivo. 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