{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T06:02:30Z","timestamp":1789452150912,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Oral Health Workforce Research Centre"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"Health Resources and Services Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"US Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral health provider well-being is critical to sustaining the HRSA Health Centre (HRSA-HC) workforce, yet limited evidence exists on the drivers of well-being outcomes specifically among dental assistants (DAs), dental hygienists (DHs), and dentists in safety-net settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study used data from the 2022 HRSA Health Centre Workforce Well-being Survey among 2671 oral health providers (DAs = 1385; DHs = 564; dentists = 722). Well-being outcomes for job satisfaction, engagement, and burnout were calculated as mean Likert scores and categorized into tertiles; intention to stay was dichotomized. Descriptive statistics, multinomial logistic regression, and multivariable logistic regression with backward stepwise selection were used to examine associations between 16 well-being drivers and four outcomes separately by provider type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DHs reported the most favourable well-being outcomes, with the highest levels of job satisfaction, engagement, and intention to stay, while burnout was similar across provider types. Work-life balance, meaningfulness, and professional growth were consistently associated with more favourable well-being outcomes and lower burnout, while workload and moral distress were related to higher burnout and poorer well-being across most provider types. Additional provider-specific drivers were also identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings underscore the need for both universal and provider-specific organizational strategies to strengthen oral health workforce well-being and retention at HRSA-HCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/haschl\/qxag211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T11:49:32Z","timestamp":1786535372000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Workplace indicators and well-being among oral health professionals in HRSA-funded health centres"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8163-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinman","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Workforce Research Center, Center for Health Workforce Studies, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York (SUNY) , Albany, NY 12222, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8397-4593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Surdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Workforce Research Center, Center for Health Workforce Studies, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York (SUNY) , Albany, NY 12222, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sage","family":"Shirey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Workforce Research Center, Center for Health Workforce Studies, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York (SUNY) , Albany, NY 12222, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0142-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Workforce Research Center, Center for Health Workforce Studies, College of Integrated Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York (SUNY) , Albany, NY 12222, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B1","author":"National health center program uniform data system (UDS) awardee data"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B2","author":"2024 health center data"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B3","author":"Workforce projections"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B4"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B5","volume-title":"HRSA Health Center Workforce Well-Being National Data Report: Findings from the 2022 HRSA Health Center Workforce Well-Being Survey","author":"Jiri","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1097\/PTS.0000000000000355","article-title":"Burnout and work engagement among US dentists","volume":"17","author":"Calvo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Patient Saf"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B7"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B8","volume-title":"Characteristics of the Current Dental Assistant and Expanded Function Dental Auxiliary Workforces in Washington State","author":"Pollack","year":"2024"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B9","first-page":"40","article-title":"Factors associated with burnout among dental hygienists in California","volume":"94","author":"Bercasio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Dent Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1177\/10519815251336919","article-title":"Job stressors and their impact on dental hygienists\u2019 job satisfaction and intention to leave practice","volume":"82","author":"Bishop","year":"2025","journal-title":"Work"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B11","first-page":"34","article-title":"Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout among dental hygienists in the United States","volume":"96","author":"Knutt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Dent Hyg Assoc"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B12","first-page":"28","article-title":"Job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave among dental hygienists in clinical practice","volume":"95","author":"Patel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am Dent Hyg Assoc"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B13"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqv119","article-title":"Systematic review: factors contributing to burnout in dentistry","volume":"66","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.3233\/wor-203106","article-title":"Occupational stressors of dental hygienists in the United States","volume":"65","author":"Malcolm","year":"2020","journal-title":"Work"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6436","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18126436","article-title":"Job competency and intention to stay among nursing assistants: the mediating effects of intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-020-00469-9","article-title":"Burnout in nursing: a theoretical review","volume":"18","author":"Dall\u2019Ora","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00469580231159318","DOI":"10.1177\/00469580231159318","article-title":"The race to retain healthcare workers: a systematic review on factors that impact retention of nurses and physicians in hospitals","volume":"60","author":"De Vries","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inquiry"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-023-01407-5","article-title":"The relationship between moral distress, burnout, and considering leaving a hospital job during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal survey","volume":"22","author":"Maunder","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/haschl\/qxae147","article-title":"Workplace factors associated with job satisfaction among dental hygienists and assistants in the United States","volume":"3","author":"Sasaki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Aff Sch"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B21","first-page":"343","article-title":"Pediatric dentists\u2019 job satisfaction: results of a national survey","volume":"35","author":"Bates","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2005.00250.x","article-title":"How dentists cope with their job demands and stay engaged: the moderating role of job resources","volume":"113","author":"Hakanen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1108\/02683940710733115","article-title":"The job demands-resources model: state of the art","volume":"22","author":"Bakker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Manag Psychol"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B24","author":"Health Resources & Services Administration"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2015.03.001","article-title":"Practice settings and dentists\u2019 job satisfaction","volume":"146","author":"Lo Sasso","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2020.12.018","article-title":"Dentist job satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Le","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.580","article-title":"Patient-centered medical home characteristics and staff morale in safety net clinics","volume":"172","author":"Lewis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-9-166","article-title":"Physician career satisfaction within specialties","volume":"9","author":"Leigh","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-017-4303-8","article-title":"Physician perception of pay fairness and its association with work satisfaction, intent to leave practice, and personal health","volume":"33","author":"Kao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1997.07145.x","article-title":"Physician job satisfaction: developing a model using qualitative data","volume":"12","author":"McMurray","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2010.0100","article-title":"Nurses\u2019 widespread job dissatisfaction, burnout, and frustration with health benefits signal problems for patient care","volume":"30","author":"McHugh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2558","DOI":"10.1177\/0149206315624962","article-title":"Time and job satisfaction: a longitudinal study of the differential roles of age and tenure","volume":"44","author":"Dobrow","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Manag"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnr025","article-title":"Stayers, leavers, and switchers among certified nursing assistants in nursing homes: a longitudinal investigation of turnover intent, staff retention, and turnover","volume":"51","author":"Rosen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00830.x","article-title":"Work stress, job satisfaction and emotional well-being among Canadian dental assistants","volume":"24","author":"Locker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/02701960.2025.2500092","article-title":"Assessing certified nursing assistants\u2019 interest in well-being-oriented continuing education to improve job sustainability and career progression","volume":"47","author":"Reina","year":"2026","journal-title":"Gerontol Geriatr Educ"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648231155017","article-title":"Organizational factors associated with certified nursing assistants\u2019 job satisfaction during COVID-19","volume":"42","author":"Bryant","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Appl Gerontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-025-13269-5","article-title":"Job satisfaction of dental hygienists in Pennsylvania: a quantitative analysis","volume":"25","author":"Straub-Bruce","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnss.2023.09.010","article-title":"The associations among nurse work engagement, job satisfaction, quality of care, and intent to leave: a national survey in the United States","volume":"10","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare9101388","article-title":"The quality of the supervisor-nurse relationship and its influence on nurses\u2019 job satisfaction","volume":"9","author":"L\u00f3pez-Ibort","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B40","volume-title":"Practice Setting Transitions and Career Satisfaction among New Dentists","author":"Vujicic","year":"2023"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252778","article-title":"The impact of organizational culture on professional fulfillment and burnout in an academic department of medicine","volume":"16","author":"Burns","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2019.1516","article-title":"Physician burnout, engagement and career satisfaction in a large academic medical practice","volume":"18","author":"Rao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4491-4-3","article-title":"Predictors of job satisfaction among doctors, nurses and auxiliaries in Norwegian hospitals: relevance for micro unit culture","volume":"4","author":"Krogstad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Resour Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00350.x","article-title":"Positive engagement and job resources in dental practice","volume":"36","author":"Gorter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09935-1","article-title":"Exploring physician engagement in health care organizations: a scoping review","volume":"23","author":"Prenestini","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burn.2015.06.001","article-title":"Job demands, burnout, and engagement among nurses: a multi-level analysis of ORCAB data investigating the moderating effect of teamwork","volume":"2","author":"Montgomery","year":"2015","journal-title":"Burn Res"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.566139","article-title":"Organizational justice, professional identification, empathy, and meaningful work during COVID-19 pandemic: are they burnout protectors in physicians and nurses?","volume":"11","author":"Correia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21501319231178641","DOI":"10.1177\/21501319231178641","article-title":"Strategies and interventions to improve healthcare professionals\u2019 well-being and reduce burnout","volume":"14","author":"Razai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Prim Care Community Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2018.1475679","article-title":"Professional burnout and work stress among Israeli dental assistants","volume":"24","author":"Uziel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260156","article-title":"Impact of clinical supervision on healthcare organisational outcomes: a mixed methods systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2021.01.035","article-title":"Physicians\u2019 ratings of their supervisor's leadership behaviors and their subsequent burnout and satisfaction: a longitudinal study","volume":"96","author":"Dyrbye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026091501070155800_qxag211-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2015.01.012","article-title":"Impact of organizational leadership on physician burnout and satisfaction","volume":"90","author":"Shanafelt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"}],"container-title":["Health Affairs Scholar"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/healthaffairsscholar\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/haschl\/qxag211\/70632298\/qxag211.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/healthaffairsscholar\/article-pdf\/4\/8\/qxag211\/70632298\/qxag211.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/healthaffairsscholar\/article-pdf\/4\/8\/qxag211\/70632298\/qxag211.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:07:09Z","timestamp":1789448829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/healthaffairsscholar\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/haschl\/qxag211\/8760822"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/haschl\/qxag211","relation":{},"ISSN":["2976-5390"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2976-5390","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"article-number":"qxag211"}}