{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:22:57Z","timestamp":1791336177688,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-007594"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-007594"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Research is needed to understand why some countries succeed in greater improvements in maternal, late foetal and newborn health (MNH) and reducing mortality than others. Pathways towards these health outcomes operate at many levels, making it difficult to understand which factors contribute most to these health improvements. Conceptual frameworks provide a cognitive means of rendering order to these factors and how they interrelate to positively influence MNH. We developed a conceptual framework by integrating theories and frameworks from different disciplines to encapsulate the range of factors that explain reductions in maternal, late foetal and neonatal mortality and improvements in health. We developed our framework iteratively, combining our interdisciplinary research team\u2019s knowledge, experience and review of the literature. We present a framework that includes health policy and system levers (or intentional actions that policy-makers can implement) to improve MNH; service delivery and coverage of interventions across the continuum of care; and epidemiological and behavioural risk factors. The framework also considers the role of context in influencing for whom and where health and non-health efforts have the most impact, to recognize \u2018the causes of the causes\u2019 at play at the individual\/household, community, national and transnational levels. Our framework holistically reflects the range of interrelated factors influencing improved MNH and survival. The framework lends itself to studying how different factors work together to influence these outcomes using an array of methods. Such research should inform future efforts to improve MNH and survival in different contexts. By re-orienting research in this way, we hope to equip policy-makers and practitioners alike with the insight necessary to make the world a safer and fairer place for mothers and their babies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czab148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T04:28:09Z","timestamp":1639024089000},"page":"565-574","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Zooming in and out: a holistic framework for research on maternal, late foetal and newborn survival and health"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0057-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neha S","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea K","family":"Blanchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences , University of Manitoba, R070-771 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Blencowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9031-9810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam D","family":"Koon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street , Baltimore, MD 21205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ties","family":"Boerma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences , University of Manitoba, R070-771 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudha","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIWEC Hospital and Travel Medical Center , G.P.O. 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