{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T12:35:14Z","timestamp":1792586114370,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Climate change is the single biggest health threat facing humanity. The production, distribution and consumption of many fast-moving consumer goods contribute substantially to climate change, principally through releasing greenhouse gas emissions. Here we consider just some of the ways that alcohol\u2014already a key contributor to an array of health, social and economic burdens\u2014exacerbates environmental harms and climate change. We explore current evidence on alcohol production as a resource- and energy-intensive process, contributing to significant environmental degradation through water usage and other carbon emission costs. We argue that the impacts of alcohol production on climate change have been minimally explored by researchers. Yet the extent of the unfolding catastrophe beholds us to consider all available ways to mitigate unnecessary emissions, including from products such as alcohol. We then turn to suggestions for a research agenda on this topic, including investigations of commercial determinants, inequalities and product advice to help consumers choose lower-carbon options. We conclude by arguing that public health researchers already have an array of methodological expertise and experience that is well placed to produce the evidence needed to inform regulation and efforts by alcohol producers and consumers to minimize their contributions to environmental harms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daae004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T14:32:02Z","timestamp":1706884322000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Alcohol\u2019s contribution to climate change and other environmental degradation: a call for research"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0832-4291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Cook","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling , Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland , UK"},{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University , Plenty Road, Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora VIC 3086 , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9145-8874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan","family":"Critchlow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling , Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"O\u2019Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Marketing and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling , Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"MacLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University , Plenty Road, Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora VIC 3086 , Australia"},{"name":"School of Allied Health, Human Services & Sport, La Trobe University , Plenty Road, Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora VIC 3086 , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/adb0000796","article-title":"Changes in alcohol use during COVID-19 and associations with contextual and individual difference variables: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Acuff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0002","author":"Adie","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1007\/s11367-016-1028-6","article-title":"Life cycle environmental impacts and costs of beer production and consumption in the UK","volume":"21","author":"Amienyo","year":"2016","journal-title":"The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1201\/b18459-4","article-title":"Environmental impacts of consumption of Australian red wine in the UK","volume-title":"Toward A Sustainable Wine Industry: Green Enology in Practice","author":"Amienyo","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"daad148","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daad148","article-title":"Supporting young people as genuine political actors in climate decision-making","volume":"38","author":"Arnot","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"daad058","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daad058","article-title":"Australian young people\u2019s perceptions of the commercial determinants of the climate crisis","volume":"38","author":"Arnot","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2021.100274","article-title":"Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity, and protect health","volume":"14","author":"Atwoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet Regional Health\u2013Western Pacific"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/09540261.2022.2029368","article-title":"Climate change is impacting mental health in North America: a systematic scoping review of the hazards, exposures, vulnerabilities, risks and responses","volume":"34","author":"Aylward","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Review of Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192844484.001.0001","volume-title":"Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity","author":"Babor","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491112600314","article-title":"Hurricane Katrina: addictive behavior trends and predictors","volume":"126","author":"Beaudoin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-2766-x","article-title":"The alcohol harm paradox: using a national survey to explore how alcohol may disproportionately impact health in deprived individuals","volume":"16","author":"Bellis","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20160452","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2016.0452","article-title":"Changes in climate extremes, fresh water availability and vulnerability to food insecurity projected at 1.5\u00b0C and 2\u00b0C global warming with a higher-resolution global climate model","volume":"376","author":"Betts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15567","article-title":"Causal mechanisms proposed for the alcohol harm paradox\u2014a systematic review","volume":"117","author":"Boyd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-015-0098-8","article-title":"Health in the sustainable development goals: ready for a paradigm shift","volume":"11","author":"Buse","year":"2015","journal-title":"Globalization and Health"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1201\/b18459-3","article-title":"A methodological proposal for corporate carbon foot print and its application to a wine-producing company in Galacia, Spain","volume-title":"Toward a Sustainable Wine Industry: Green Enology in Practice,","author":"Carballo Penela","year":"2015","edition":"1st edition"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0016","author":"Carruthers","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/9780262029612.001.0001","volume-title":"Power in a Warming World: The New Global Politics of Climate Change and the Remaking of Environmental Inequality","author":"Ciplet","year":"2015"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0018","first-page":"10","article-title":"Influence of winemaking practices on the characteristics of winery wastewater and water usage of wineries","volume":"35","author":"Conradie","year":"2014","journal-title":"South African Journal of Enology and Viticulture"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-013-0875-4","article-title":"Climate change and mental health: an exploratory case study from Rigolet, Nunatsiavut, Canada","volume":"121","author":"Cunsolo Willox","year":"2013","journal-title":"Climatic Change"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-020-0300-3","article-title":"Concepts and forms of greenwashing: a systematic review","volume":"32","author":"de Freitas Netto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environmental Sciences Europe"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2397.2011.00795.x","article-title":"Climate change: social workers\u2019 roles and contributions to policy debates and interventions1","volume":"20","author":"Dominelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Welfare"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0022","author":"Freudenberg","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00011-9","article-title":"Commercial determinants of health: future directions","volume":"401","author":"Friel","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0024","volume-title":"The Alcohol We Drink and its Contribution to the UK\u2019s Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Discussion Paper.","author":"Garnett","year":"2007"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00013-2","article-title":"Defining and conceptualising the commercial determinants of health","volume":"401","author":"Gilmore","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31310-2","article-title":"Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"392","author":"Griswold","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolecon.2016.08.006","article-title":"Trimming the excess: environmental impacts of discretionary food consumption in Australia","volume":"131","author":"Hadjikakou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecological Economics"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.07.295","article-title":"Climate impact of alcohol consumption in Sweden","volume":"201","author":"Hallstr\u00f6m","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0029","author":"Heineken","year":"."},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0030","author":"Institute of Alcohol Studies [IAS]","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0031","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change","author":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC]","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.15288\/jsads.2020.s19.13","article-title":"The alcohol marketing landscape: alcohol industry size, structure, strategies, and public health responses","volume":"Sup 19","author":"Jernigan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, Supplement"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/pa.427","article-title":"That\u2019s the spirit: exploring the approach of the world\u2019s leading spirits\u2019 producers to corporate social responsibility","volume":"13","author":"Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Public Affairs"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0034","author":"Kasamba","year":"2007"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0035","volume-title":"Impact of Winery Wastewater on Ecosystem Health\u2014An Introductory Assessment","author":"Kumar","year":"2006"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0036","volume-title":"The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health and Emotional Wellbeing: Current Evidence and Implications for Policy and Practice","author":"Lawrance","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.114712","article-title":"Affordances of home drinking in accounts from light and heavy drinkers","volume":"296","author":"MacLean","year":"2022","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine (1982)"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0038","article-title":"Young People's Voices on Climate Anxiety, Government Betrayal and Moral Injury: A Global Phenomenon","author":"Marks","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"daad076","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daad076","article-title":"Women and the commercial determinants of health","volume":"38","author":"McCarthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2200481119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2200481119","article-title":"Climate change hastens disease spread across the globe","volume":"119","author":"McDermott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.07.017","article-title":"Unrecorded alcohol in East Africa: a case study of Kenya","volume":"63","author":"Mkuu","year":"2019","journal-title":"The International Journal of Drug Policy"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.114591","article-title":"Packaging choice and coordinated distribution logistics to reduce the environmental footprint of small-scale beer value chains","volume":"307","author":"Morgan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0043","author":"Myers","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ckac129.197","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckac129.197","article-title":"3. P. Round table: the commercial determinants of health: industry tactics shaping science, policy and our environment","volume":"32","author":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine [LSHTM] (UK) and Mark Petticrew (UK)","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e63","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00187-4","article-title":"From smoking to vaping: a new environmental threat","volume":"10","author":"Pourchez","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet Respiratory Medicine"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100648","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2021-100648","article-title":"Are climate change and mental health correlated","volume":"34","author":"Ramadan","year":"2021","journal-title":"General Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-021-02957-w","article-title":"Re-framing the threat of global warming: an empirical causal loop diagram of climate change, food insecurity and societal collapse","volume":"164","author":"Richards","year":"2021","journal-title":"Climatic Change"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0048","author":"Ritchie","year":"2023"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0049","first-page":"1","article-title":"Substance use and the sustainable development goals: will development bring greater problems","author":"Room","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/2319510X1200800106","article-title":"Green branding and eco-innovations for evolving a sustainable green marketing strategy","volume":"8","author":"Sarkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2010.496022","article-title":"Alcohol-free beer: methods of production, sensorial defects, and healthful effects","volume":"26","author":"Sohrabvandi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Reviews International"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2021.02.008","article-title":"Consumer behavior and climate change: consumers need considerable assistance","volume":"42","author":"Th\u00f8gersen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0053","author":"United Nations","year":"."},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0054","author":"United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1177\/17456916221132739","article-title":"Climate change and substance-use behaviors: a risk-pathways framework","volume":"18","author":"Vergunst","year":"2023","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science: A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1108\/9781801179669","volume-title":"Understanding Greenwashing","author":"Vollero","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0057","volume-title":"Examining the Social and Economic Costs of Alcohol Use in Australia: 2017\/18","author":"Whetton","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0058","author":"Wine Australia","year":"."},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0059","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","year":"2019"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0060","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0061","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0062","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024020213192085400_CIT0063","author":"World Health Organization [WHO]","year":"2023","edition":"3rd edition"}],"container-title":["Health Promotion International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/heapro\/article-pdf\/39\/1\/daae004\/56545641\/daae004.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/heapro\/article-pdf\/39\/1\/daae004\/56545641\/daae004.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T14:32:34Z","timestamp":1706884354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/heapro\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/heapro\/daae004\/7596649"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/heapro\/daae004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4824","1460-2245"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0957-4824","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2245","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"article-number":"daae004"}}