{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:42:22Z","timestamp":1790278942528,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000835","name":"University of Bath","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000835","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SPECTRUM consortium","award":["MR\/S037519\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/S037519\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Unhealthy commodity industries (UCIs) such as tobacco, alcohol, gambling, ultra-processed food and beverage producers are known to influence policy-making to advance their interests, often to the detriment of public health goals. This study mapped the complex system underpinning UCI\u2019s influence on public health policy formulation in the UK and identified potential interventions to shift the system towards being able to better attain public health goals. We conducted a participatory systems mapping workshop with ten experts to build a causal loop diagram (CLD) and identify potential interventions to address UCI\u2019s influence on public health policy development. The resulting CLD depicts a highly interconnected and reinforcing system driving UCI\u2019s involvement in public health policy formulation across five thematic areas. Among the most connected elements were the \u2018dominance of market mechanisms\u2019, \u2018perception of partnership as good governance principle\u2019, \u2018industry involvement lending perceived legitimacy to the policy formulation process\u2019, \u2018industry is seen as part of the solution\u2019 and \u2018industry ties to policy-makers\u2019. Participants identified a total of 22 interventions within this system. Analysis of the CLD and interventions identified the potential for two key paradigmatic changes in this complex system: de-normalizing the perception of unhealthy commodity industry actors as legitimate stakeholders in policy formulation; and prioritizing public health and wellbeing objectives over profit and economic gain. In order to shift the system towards better attaining public health goals, interventions should reinforce each other and be supportive of these two key paradigmatic shifts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daae139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T09:10:22Z","timestamp":1732180222000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Industry influence on public health policy formulation in the UK: a complex systems approach"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8365-3418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber","family":"van den Akker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8413-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7786-1798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Bertscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social & Policy Sciences, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0281-1248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna B","family":"Gilmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down , Bath BA2 7AY ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6663-7379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecile","family":"Knai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3399-3219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nick","family":"Cavill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social & Policy Sciences, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9322-0656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harry","family":"Rutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social & Policy Sciences, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e525","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00042-6","article-title":"Non-communicable disease policy implementation from 2014 to 2021: a repeated cross-sectional analysis of global policy data for 194 countries","volume":"11","author":"Allen","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1038\/s43016-020-00193-6","article-title":"Prospects for the true cost accounting of food systems","volume":"1","author":"Baker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Food"},{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0003","volume-title":"How to Design a Participatory Systems Mapping Process","author":"Barbrook-Johnson","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-01919-7_4","article-title":"Causal loop diagrams","volume-title":"Systems Mapping.","author":"Barbrook-Johnson","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-01919-7_5","article-title":"Participatory systems mapping","volume-title":"Systems Mapping.","author":"Barbrook-Johnson","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12992-016-0164-x","article-title":"Assessing the health impact of transnational corporations: its importance and a framework","volume":"12","author":"Baum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Globalization and Health"},{"key":"2024112109100242900_CIT0007","first-page":"1","article-title":"Complex interventions for a complex system? 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