{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T02:34:24Z","timestamp":1780713264392,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":45,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["KAT#1156276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KAT#1156276"]}]},{"name":"The National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["MK#1158670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MK#1158670"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Fuelled by the tobacco industry, commercial tobacco use is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Preventing adolescent smoking initiation is critical to reducing uptake. Understanding individual, social, and environmental factors that are protective against smoking can inform prevention strategies. We analysed data from adolescents 12\u201315 years and their caregivers from Wave 11 (2018) of the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children (LSIC). Poisson regression was used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) of never smoking in relation to individual, social, and environmental factors adjusted for age and remoteness. Never smoking was reported by 81.3% of adolescents. Half (51.3%) of those who had ever-smoked had smoked in the last year. Never smoking was significantly associated with peer never smoking, no substance use (including e-cigarettes), positive family and school environments, no boredom, no trouble with police, and no family experiences of racism. Never smoking prevalence was twofold among adolescents who had never (versus ever) tried e-cigarettes (PR\u2005=\u20052.10; 95%CI: 1.41, 3.14). Fostering positive social relationships, discouraging substance use, and eliminating racism and discrimination are important in preventing adolescent smoking, offering some protection against the exploitative practices of the tobacco industry. Culturally safe structural supports and comprehensive approaches to individual, social, and environmental wellbeing are required to prevent smoking and promote wellbeing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daaf022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T10:08:42Z","timestamp":1745057322000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children: adolescent never smoking and associations with individual, social, and environmental factors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Abigail","family":"de Waard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Psychology,\u00a0College of Science\u00a0and Medicine, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Heris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eden M","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales , 300 Barangaroo Ave, Barangaroo, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Rickard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Psychology,\u00a0College of Science\u00a0and Medicine, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubijayne","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makayla-May","family":"Brinckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9691-068X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle , University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Hunter Medical Research Institute , 1 Kookaburra Cct, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Calma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Coordinator, Tackling Indigenous Smoking, Office of the\u00a0National Coordinator\u00a0Tackling Indigenous Smoking ,\u00a0 Furzer St. Woden, Canberra ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kids Research Institute Australia , Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave,\u00a0Nedlands, Western Australia ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A","family":"Thurber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2770-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raglan","family":"Maddox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yardhura Walani, National Centre for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing Research, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University , 54 Mills Road,\u00a0Canberra, Australian Capital Territory ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0001","volume-title":"National Tobacco Strategy","author":"Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care","year":"2023"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0002","volume-title":"Aboriginal and Torres Strait 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Discrimination and Stressful Events Affect the Health of our Indigenous","author":"Calma","year":"2016"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-017-0520-9","article-title":"Evidence for a comprehensive approach to Aboriginal tobacco control to maintain the decline in smoking: an overview of reviews among Indigenous peoples","volume":"6","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Systematic Rev"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0008","first-page":"62","article-title":"Review of tobacco use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples","volume":"20","author":"Colonna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Australian Indigen HealthBulletin"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1071\/PY13157","article-title":"Tobacco use among urban Aboriginal Australian young people: a qualitative study of reasons for smoking, barriers to cessation and motivators for 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A Review of Actions Addressing the Social and Economic Determinants of Indigenous Health","author":"Osborne","year":"2013"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-11-55","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s almost expected\u201d: rural Australian Aboriginal women\u2019s reflections on smoking initiation and maintenance: a qualitative study","volume":"11","author":"Passey","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00579-1","article-title":"Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing","volume":"387","author":"Patton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025041906082846100_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-568","article-title":"Racism and health among urban Aboriginal young 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