{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T14:59:26Z","timestamp":1790261966453,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NHMRC Investigator Grants","award":["1194108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1194108"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Investigator Grants","award":["2009419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009419"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women increasingly rely on social media for health information, yet concerns persist about the accuracy, transparency, and commercial influence shaping this content. This content analysis of the Instagram posts using #womenshealth aimed to map women's health topics and interventions discussed and assess the presence of health claims, financial conflicts of interest, and reference to scientific evidence. Of 472 included posts, 297 (63%) were created by individual influencers including 162 from other or alternative health professionals and 105 from medical doctors. 264 (56%) posts focused on general health information related to a disease, condition, issue or symptom, followed by 75 (16%) posts which promoted drugs, supplements, or devices. Hormonal and reproductive health-related posts were the most common topic with 226 (48%) posts, including 58 posts specifically about menopause and\/or perimenopause. 324 (69%) posts had explicit health claims, with only 34 (7%) posts referring to scientific evidence. Financial interests were common; 241 (51%) of account holders had a clear financial interest and 186 (39%) posts directly sold an intervention. Women\u2019s health-related Instagram content reveals an environment dominated by non-expert voices and commercially oriented messaging, blurring the line between women\u2019s health education and advertising. These findings highlight the risk of misleading and commercialized women\u2019s health information and underscore the need for stronger regulatory oversight and greater engagement from qualified health professionals in online spaces. More broadly, improving the quality of women\u2019s health discourse requires addressing the structural drivers of online health narratives and strengthening trust across women\u2019s information environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daag141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:52:30Z","timestamp":1789127550000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Beyond the hashtag: a content analysis of #womenshealth posts on Instagram"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8100-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brooke","family":"Nickel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , 127A Edward Ford Building (A27), Sydney, NSW 2006 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mali","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , 127A Edward Ford Building (A27), Sydney, NSW 2006 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8519-8217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma G","family":"Gram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Oester Farimagsgade 5, 1014 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7801-5884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tessa","family":"Copp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney , 127A Edward Ford Building (A27), Sydney, NSW 2006 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.1280","article-title":"Patients are turning to TikTok for health information\u2014here\u2019s what clinicians need to know","volume":"331","author":"Anderer","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s12208-025-00445-w","article-title":"Women\u2019s views on empowerment in menopause-related femvertising on social media","volume":"22","author":"Barbosa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int Rev Public Nonprofit Mark"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1177\/09593535231169823","article-title":"Women's health magazines and postfeminist healthism: a critical discourse analysis","volume":"33","author":"Beijbom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fem Psychol"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/17917","article-title":"Social media use for health purposes: systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/psrh.70025","article-title":"\u201cDo you know what birth control actually does to your body?\u201d: assessing contraceptive information on TikTok","volume":"57","author":"de Moel-Mandel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daaf023","article-title":"Social media and the spread of misinformation: infectious and a threat to public health","volume":"40","author":"Denniss","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Promot Int"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780190215491.001.0001","volume-title":"Content Analysis","author":"Drisko","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026092303080778900_daag141-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4626503","article-title":"How much influencer marketing is undisclosed? 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