{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T05:19:06Z","timestamp":1786771146509,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["696656"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["696656"]}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme","award":["785219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["785219"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Prader\u2013Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by metabolic alteration and sleep abnormalities mostly related to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep disturbances. The disease is caused by genomic imprinting defects that are inherited through the paternal line. Among the genes located in the PWS region on chromosome 15 (15q11-q13), small nucleolar RNA 116 (Snord116) has been previously associated with intrusions of REM sleep into wakefulness in humans and mice. Here, we further explore sleep regulation of PWS by reporting a study with PWScrm+\/p\u2212 mouse line, which carries a paternal deletion of Snord116. We focused our study on both macrostructural electrophysiological components of sleep, distributed among REMs and nonrapid eye movements. Of note, here, we study a novel electroencephalography (EEG) graphoelements of sleep for mouse studies, the well-known spindles. EEG biomarkers are often linked to the functional properties of cortical neurons and can be instrumental in translational studies. Thus, to better understand specific properties, we isolated and characterized the intrinsic activity of cortical neurons using in vitro microelectrode array. Our results confirm that the loss of Snord116 gene in mice influences specific properties of REM sleep, such as theta rhythms and, for the first time, the organization of REM episodes throughout sleep\u2013wake cycles. Moreover, the analysis of sleep spindles present novel specific phenotype in PWS mice, indicating that a new catalog of sleep biomarkers can be informative in preclinical studies of PWS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddaa084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T19:44:26Z","timestamp":1589831066000},"page":"2051-2064","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Loss of Snord116 alters cortical neuronal activity in mice: a preclinical investigation of Prader\u2013Willi syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1637-4544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Pace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour (GEB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Colombi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour (GEB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DINOGMI), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Genova, Genova 16132, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Falappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour (GEB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DINOGMI), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Genova, Genova 16132, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Freschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour (GEB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4608-1374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Bandarabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Armirotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanco Mar\u00eda","family":"Encarnaci\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine R","family":"Adamantidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Amici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Cerri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1427-5147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Chiappalone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rehab Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valter","family":"Tucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Epigenetics of Behaviour (GEB), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova 16163, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020073002371017600_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E92","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.5.e92","article-title":"The changing purpose of Prader\u2013Willi syndrome clinical diagnostic criteria and proposed revised 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Clin. Sleep Med."},{"key":"2020073002371017600_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1051\/medsci\/20153110011","article-title":"Prader\u2013Willi syndrome in 2015","volume":"31","author":"Tauber","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Sci. 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