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They include polyglutamine (polyQ) conditions such as Huntington\u2019s disease (HD) and \u03b1-synucleinopathies such as Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD). Overexpression of NMNAT\/Nma1, an enzyme in the NAD+ biosynthetic salvage pathway, acts as an efficient suppressor of proteotoxicities in yeast, fly and mouse models. Screens in yeast models of HD and PD allowed us to identify three additional enzymes of the same pathway that achieve similar protection against proteotoxic stress: Npt1, Pnc1 and Qns1. The mechanism by which these proteins maintain proteostasis has not been identified. Here, we report that their ability to maintain proteostasis in yeast models of HD and PD is independent of their catalytic activity and does not require cellular protein quality control systems such as the proteasome or autophagy. Furthermore, we show that, under proteotoxic stress, the four proteins are recruited as molecular chaperones with holdase and foldase activities. The NAD+ salvage proteins act by preventing misfolding and, together with the Hsp90 chaperone, promoting the refolding of extended polyQ domains and \u03b1-synuclein (\u03b1-Syn). Our results illustrate the existence of an evolutionarily conserved strategy of repurposing or moonlighting housekeeping enzymes under stress conditions to maintain proteostasis. We conclude that the entire salvage NAD+ biosynthetic pathway links NAD+ metabolism and proteostasis and emerges as a target for therapeutics to combat age-associated neurodegenerative proteotoxicities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddab080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T08:11:22Z","timestamp":1615795882000},"page":"672-686","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Salvage NAD+ biosynthetic pathway enzymes moonlight as molecular chaperones to protect against proteotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Meredith","family":"Pinkerton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ruetenik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoriia","family":"Bazylianska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA"},{"name":"MS in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University, School of Medicine. Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Nyvltova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Barrientos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine. Miami, FL 33136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070819090990000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8747","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0973-08.2008","article-title":"Suppression of mutant huntingtin aggregate formation by Cdk5\/p35 through the effect on microtubule stability","volume":"28","author":"Kaminosono","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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